संत साहित्य
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संत साहित्य · Jñāneśvarī · Adhyāya 13

Cluster 0480 — BG-13.25 — *anye tv evam ajānantaḥ śrutvānyebhya upāsate — te'pi cātitaranty eva mṛtyum śruti-parāyaṇāḥ*

BG-13.25

Sanskrit

अन्ये त्वेवमजानन्तः श्रुत्वाऽन्येभ्य उपासते। तेऽपि चातितरंत्येव मृत्युं श्रुतिपरायणः॥२५॥

Translation

OTHERS (anye), NOT-KNOWING-THUS (evam ajānantaḥ), HAVING-HEARD-FROM-OTHERS (śrutvā anyebhyaḥ), WORSHIP (upāsate); THEY-TOO (te'pi) INDEED CROSS-OVER (cātitaranti eva) DEATH (mṛtyum), being DEVOTED-TO-HEARING (śruti-parāyaṇāḥ).

Function

BG-13.25 delivers the iconic FOURTH-PATH disclosure completing the four-path-catalog opened at BG-13.24. The verse picks up the deferred apare (OTHERS) of BG-13.24 and discloses the ŚRAVAṆA-UPĀSANĀ-path:

(i) The sub-class: OTHERS who do NOT directly KNOW the JÑEYA-PURUṢA-doctrine + four-path-catalog of BG-13.12-24 (no DHYĀNA-discipline + no SĀṄKHYA-discrimination + no KARMA-adherence-as-prerequisite).

(ii) The path-instrument: HEARING (śrutvā) FROM-OTHERS (anyebhyaḥ) — the GURU-SANT-PARAMPARĀ source-stream.

(iii) The practice-mode: UPĀSANĀ-SERVICE-DEVOTION-WORSHIP.

(iv) The promise: THEY-TOO (te'pi) — the iconic democratic-inclusion marker — CROSS-OVER (atitaranti) INDEED DEATH (mṛtyum), being ŚRUTI-PARĀYAṆA (devoted-to-hearing).

The iconic śruti-parāyaṇa terminal-compound establishes ŚRAVAṆA as a complete-path-in-itself — the iconic NAVADHĀ-BHAKTI's FIRST-LIMB ŚRAVAṆA (Bhāgavata 7.5.23) elevated to mokṣa-yielding-path-status.

Jñāneśvar's 10-ovi Treatment

Jñāneśvar's treatment (13.1041-13.1050) renders the verse with precise pedagogical-asymmetry: 6 ovis on the ŚRAVAṆA-path itself + 4 ovis pivoting to the META-STATEMENT closing of the four-path-catalog.

(i) 13.1041-13.1046 — ŚRAVAṆA-Block (6 ovis)

  • 13.1041 — the YĒṆĒṀ-YĒṆĒṀ-PRAKĀRĒṀ summary-bridge: yēṇēm yēṇēm prakārēm — nistaratī sācōkārēm — bhavā bheurēm — āghavēm ci (BY-THESE-VARIOUS-MODES they-TRULY-CROSS the FEAR-OF-SAṂSĀRA — ALL-of-it). Summary-bridge from BG-13.24's three-yogas to BG-13.25's fourth-path.

  • 13.1042 — the iconic ABHIMĀNA-DAVAḌŪNI precondition: parī tē karitī aisēm — abhimānu davaḍūni deśēm — ēkāciyā viśvāsēm — tēnkatī bōlā (BUT they DO THUS — DRIVING-OUT-PRIDE-TO-THE-COUNTRY — by TRUST-of-OTHERS — LEANING-on-the-WORD). The DROPPING-of-self-pride + LEANING-on-OTHER's-WORD precondition.

  • 13.1043 — the iconic 4-fold guru-sant-qualification: je hitāhita dekhatī — hāni kaṇavā ghēpati — pusōni śiṇu hariti — deti sukha (those who SEE benefit-harm — RECEIVE-the-FATIGUE-in-COMPASSION — QUESTIONING REMOVE-fatigue — GIVE-JOY). The 4-fold qualification of the OTHERS from whom ŚRAVAṆA is received.

  • 13.1044 — the iconic ĀDARĒṀ-CĀṄGĒṀ-AIKONIYĀṀ-ĀṄGĒṀ-MANĒṀ-HOTI full-embodied-LISTENING: tayāmcēni mukhēm jēm nighē — tētulēm ādarēm cāngē — aikoniyām āngēm — manēm hōti (WHAT COMES from THEIR MOUTH — THAT MUCH with REVERENCE — LISTENING — BECOMING with BODY-MIND). The TRANSFORMATIVE-LISTENING where listener BECOMES what is heard.

  • 13.1045 — the iconic LOṆA-LIFE-SACRIFICE-to-AKṢARAS: tayā aikaṇēyāci nāmvēm — ṭhēvitī gā āghavēm — tayā akṣarāmsīm jīvēm — lōṇa karitī (PLACING-EVERYTHING-in-the-NAME-OF-the-LISTENING — MAKING-the-LIFE-as-LOṆA-SALT to those LETTERS). The LIFE-SACRIFICIAL-DEDICATION of UPĀSANĀ.

  • 13.1046 — the iconic KAPIDHVAJA-MARAṆĀRṆAVA-CROSSING democratic-promise: tēhī antīm kapidhvajā — iyā maraṇārṇava samājā — pāsūni nighatī vōjā — gōmaṭiyā (THEY-TOO AT-the-END O-KAPIDHVAJA — from this DEATH-OCEAN-ASSEMBLY — EMERGE by the FAIR — AUSPICIOUS-PATH). The KAPIDHVAJA Arjuna-vocative confirms chariot-frame intimate-disclosure.

(ii) 13.1047-13.1050 — META-Block (4 ovis)

  • 13.1047 — the MANY-PATHS-ONE-VASTU META-statement: aisēsē hē upāye — bahuvasa ēthēm pāhēm — jāṇāvayā hōye — ēkī vastu (SUCH MANY UPĀYAS LOOK-HERE — FOR-KNOWING THERE-IS — ONE VASTU). The four paths converge on the ONE VASTU (JÑEYA-PURUṢA).

  • 13.1048 — the SIDDHĀNTA-NAVANĪTA promise: ātām purē hē bahuta — paim sarvārthācēm mathita — siddhānta-navanīta — deūm tuja (NOW ENOUGH of these MANY — CHURNED of ALL-MEANINGS — the SIDDHĀNTA-NAVANĪTA — WE-GIVE-YOU). The MILK-CHURNING-BUTTER-OF-CONCLUSION promise.

  • 13.1049 — the PAṆḌUSUTA-EASE promise: yētulēni paṇḍusutā — anubhava lāhāṇā āyitā — yera tava tuja hōtām — sāyāsa nāhīm (BY-THIS-MUCH O-PAṆḌUSUTA — the EXPERIENCE LITTLE READY — for-OTHERS DIFFICULT — for-YOU NO-EFFORT). The pedagogical-grace promise of effortless-distillation.

  • 13.1050 — the 3-fold pedagogical-CONSTRUCTION promise: mhaṇauni tē buddhi racūm — matavāda hē khāmcūm — sōlīva nirvacūm — phalitārthu-ci (HENCE CONSTRUCTING the BUDDHI — DRIVING-OUT the MATAVĀDAS — PEELED NIRVACANA — the FRUIT-MEANING-itself). The 3-fold pedagogical methodology closing the cluster.

Six precise Marathi elevations for the ŚRAVAṆA-path (13.1041-13.1046)

  1. YĒṆĒṀ-YĒṆĒṀ-PRAKĀRĒṀ summary-bridge (13.1041) — pivots from BG-13.24's three-yogas to BG-13.25's fourth-path with the iconic FEAR-OF-SAṂSĀRA-ALL-of-it summary.

  2. ABHIMĀNA-DAVAḌŪNI-DEŚĒṀ + ĒKĀCIYĀ-VIŚVĀSĒṀ-TĒṄKATI precondition (13.1042) — the SELF-EXILE-of-PRIDE + LEANING-on-OTHER's-WORD as the entry-condition of the ŚRAVAṆA-path. Renders the Sanskrit ajānantaḥ not as passive ignorance but as ACTIVE-PRIDE-DROPPING.

  3. 4-fold guru-sant-qualification (13.1043) — HITĀHITA-DEKHATĪ + KAṆAVĀ-HANI-GHĒPATI + PUSŌNI-ŚIṆU-HARITI + DETI-SUKHA — the precise iconic Marathi 4-fold qualification of the OTHERS from whom ŚRAVAṆA is received.

  4. ĀDARĒṀ-CĀṄGĒṀ-AIKONIYĀṀ-ĀṄGĒṀ-MANĒṀ-HOTI full-embodied-LISTENING (13.1044) — the iconic Marathi rendering of śrutvā as TRANSFORMATIVE-LISTENING where the listener BECOMES-BODY-MIND what is heard.

  5. LOṆA-LIFE-SACRIFICE-to-AKṢARAS (13.1045) — the iconic Marathi folk-ritual SALT-WAVED-AND-THROWN-FOR-AUSPICIOUS-DEDICATION rendered as LIFE-SACRIFICIAL-DEDICATION to the LETTERS. Renders UPĀSANĀ as EXTREME-LIFE-SACRIFICE.

  6. KAPIDHVAJA-MARAṆĀRṆAVA-SAMĀJA-NIGHATĪ democratic-CROSSING (13.1046) — the iconic Marathi MARAṆĀRṆAVA-ASSEMBLY image rendering of the Sanskrit te'pi cātitaranti eva mṛtyum — saṃsāra as ASSEMBLY-of-DEATH-OCEAN, with the KAPIDHVAJA Arjuna-vocative confirming chariot-frame intimate-disclosure.

Four precise META-statement elevations (13.1047-13.1050)

  1. MANY-PATHS-ONE-VASTU META-statement (13.1047) — closing the four-path-catalog with the iconic AISĒSĒ-HĒ-UPĀYE-BAHUVASA-ĒTHĒṀ-PĀHĒṀ + JĀṆĀVAYĀ-HŌYE-ĒKĪ-VASTU formulation.

  2. MATHITA-SIDDHĀNTA-NAVANĪTA promise (13.1048) — the iconic MILK-CHURNING-BUTTER-OF-CONCLUSION pedagogical-promise: ENOUGH-of-these-many-paths, NOW-the-CHURNED-BUTTER-OF-CONCLUSION-DELIVERED.

  3. PAṆḌUSUTA-EASE pedagogical-grace promise (13.1049) — the iconic ANUBHAVA-LĀHĀṆĀ-ĀYITĀ + YERA-TAVA-TUJA-HŌTĀṀ-SĀYĀSA-NĀHĪṀ pedagogical-grace promise of effortless-distillation.

  4. 3-fold pedagogical-CONSTRUCTION promise (13.1050) — the iconic BUDDHI-RACŪṀ + MATAVĀDA-KHĀṀCŪṀ + SŌLĪVA-NIRVACŪṀ-PHALITĀRTHU-CI 3-fold pedagogical methodology closing the cluster.

Arc-position

BG-13.25 stands within the adhyāya-13 PRAKṚTI-PURUṢA + KṢETRA-KṢETRAJÑA further-distinctions block (BG-13.19-34), as the second-verse of the FOUR-PATH-CATALOG sub-block (BG-13.24-25). The chapter's argument: BG-13.1-2 = KṢETRA-KṢETRAJÑA-VIBHĀGA → BG-13.3-6 = KṢETRA-DEFINITION → BG-13.7-11 = JÑĀNA-19-VIRTUE-CATALOG → BG-13.12-17 = JÑEYA-DEFINITION → BG-13.18 = TERMINAL-SUMMARY → BG-13.19-23 = PRAKṚTI-PURUṢA + GUṆA-doctrine → BG-13.24-25 = FOUR-PATH-CATALOG → BG-13.26-34 = chapter-closing distinctions. The doctrinal-progression from 0479 (BG-13.24 four-path-catalog with apare-deferred) to 0480 (BG-13.25 fourth-path-ŚRAVAṆA disclosure + META-statement pivot) is precisely from the JÑĀNA-elite-paths to the DEMOCRATIC-INCLUSION ŚRAVAṆA-path + the META-pivot to the chapter-closing SIDDHĀNTA-NAVANĪTA distinctions. The next cluster (0481) extends with BG-13.26's yāvat sañjāyate kiñcit sattvam sthāvara-jangamam — kṣetra-kṣetrajña-saṃyogāt tad viddhi bharatarṣabha — the iconic KṢETRA-KṢETRAJÑA-SAṂYOGA cosmological-summary.