संत साहित्य
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संत साहित्य · Tukārām · Abhanga 1131 of 4582

Abhanga 1131

Tukaram admits he cannot reconcile the teaching that God is present in everyone with the reality of suffering and death, and instead of faking faith, asks God to resolve the confusion and show him the truth directly.

When Janārdana-in-jana but vrttānta unknown — and you have to recognize this register
When who did pāpa-puṇya, śuddha-aśuddha — and you allow this image
When we have maraṇa, you are avināśa; how to trust — and you receive this image

The verse

जनीं जनार्दन ऐकतों हे मात । कैसा तो वृत्तांत न कळे आम्हां ॥१॥ जन्म जरा मरण कवण भोगी भोग । व्याधि नाना रोग सुखदुःखें ॥ध्रु.॥ पापपुण्यें शुद्धाशुद्ध आचरणें । हीं कोणांकारणें कवणें केलीं ॥२॥ आम्हां मरण नाश तूं तंव अविनाश । कैसा हा विश्वास साच मानूं ॥३॥ तुका म्हणे तूं चि निवडीं हा गुढार । दाखवीं साचार तें चि मज ॥४॥

Literal translation

Janī Janārdana mātavrttānta unknown. Janma-jarā-maraṇa bhōga bhōgīvyādhi rōga sukha-duḥkha. Pāpa-puṇya śuddhā-aśuddha — for-whom by-whom. Maraṇa nāśaavināśaviśvāsa sāca. Tuka says: tūm-ci nivaḍī guḍhārasācāra.

मराठी: जनीं जनार्दन ही मात ऐकतों — पण कैसा तो वृत्तांत आम्हांस न-कळे. जन्म-जरा-मरण — कवण भोगी हा भोग? — व्याधि-नाना-रोग, सुख-दुःखें. पाप-पुण्य, शुद्ध-अशुद्ध-आचरणें — हीं कोणां-कारणें कवणें केलीं? आम्हांस मरण-नाश — तूं तंव अविनाश — हा विश्वास कैसा साच मानूं? Tuka म्हणे: तूं-च हा गुढार निवडीं — साचार तें-च माज दाखवीं.

Word-by-word gloss
Marathi Meaning
जनीं जनार्दन ऐकतों हे मात "janī Janārdana māta"
कैसा तो वृत्तांत न कळे आम्हां "vrttānta unknown"
जन्म जरा मरण कवण भोगी भोग "janma-jarā-maraṇa bhōga bhōgī"
व्याधि नाना रोग सुखदुःखें "vyādhi rōga sukha-duḥkha"
पापपुण्यें शुद्धाशुद्ध आचरणें "pāpa-puṇya śuddhā-aśuddha"
हीं कोणांकारणें कवणें केलीं "for-whom by-whom"
आम्हां मरण नाश "maraṇa nāśa"
तूं तंव अविनाश "avināśa"
कैसा हा विश्वास साच मानूं "viśvāsa sāca"
तूं चि निवडीं हा गुढार "tūm-ci nivaḍī guḍhāra"
दाखवीं साचार तें चि मज "sācāra"

What it means

A philosophical-doubt abhang. If Janārdana is in jana, who suffers janma-jarā-maraṇa-vyādhi-rōga-sukha-duḥkha? The doubt is honest: the doctrinal claim jana-Janārdana (people are God) doesn't resolve the actual suffering of those people. Five claims:

  1. जन-जनार्दन-वृत्तांत-न. Doctrine-but-don't-know-detail-claim.

  2. जन्म-जरा-मरण — भोगी-कवण. Who-experiences-claim.

  3. पाप-पुण्य — कोणां-कारणें-कवणें. For-whom-by-whom-claim.

  4. मरण-अविनाश — विश्वास-साच. Trust-as-truth-claim.

  5. Tuka: निवडीं-गुढार — साचार-दाखवी. Resolve-puzzle-claim. (You yourself solve the puzzle and show me the sācāra (true-thing).)

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For someone today

This verse voices honest doubt rather than easy faith. Tukaram says he has heard the teaching that God dwells in all people, but that does not explain why people still suffer birth, aging, death, illness, and every kind of pleasure and pain. He questions who is really responsible for sin and virtue, for pure and impure conduct, and for whose sake these distinctions were even made. He notices the gap between his own mortality and God's supposed permanence, and admits he cannot simply will himself to trust that as true. Instead of faking faith, he asks God directly to resolve the puzzle and show him the plain truth.

मराठी: हा अभंग सहज श्रद्धेऐवजी प्रामाणिक शंका व्यक्त करतो. तुकाराम म्हणतात की त्यांनी ऐकले आहे की देव सर्व लोकांमध्ये वसतो, पण त्यामुळे लोक जन्म, म्हातारपण, मृत्यू, आजारपण आणि सुखदुःख का भोगतात हे स्पष्ट होत नाही. ते विचारतात की पाप-पुण्य आणि शुद्ध-अशुद्ध वर्तनासाठी खरोखर कोण जबाबदार आहे, आणि हे भेद कोणी व कोणासाठी निर्माण केले. आपला मृत्यू आणि देवाचे कथित अविनाशीपण यातील तफावत ते ओळखतात आणि कबूल करतात की हे खरे आहे असे मानण्याची शक्ती स्वतःहून येत नाही. खोटी श्रद्धा दाखवण्याऐवजी ते थेट देवाला विनंती करतात की त्याने हे कोडे सोडवावे आणि खरे सत्य दाखवावे.

Where this applies

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