संत साहित्य
Work in progress. Translations and commentary are AI-generated and may contain inaccuracies or hallucinations — please use your own judgement and check against the original sources.
संत साहित्य · Tukārām · Abhanga 1492 of 4582

Abhanga 1492

For today: people see, hear, know — yet why don't they understand for themselves? body-truth, age-progression, wife-son-wealth's uselessness — all known; this best-birth thrown in vain — why don't they say Rāma-Rāma? delusion has fallen even on knowers; bound by Time in adamantine-noose.

When you'd lament people's seeing-but-not-acting — they see, hear, know, but don't say Rāma-Rāma; delusion fallen though knowing; bound by Time in vajra-noose

The verse

काय एकां जालें तें कां नाहीं ठावें । काय हें सांगावें काय म्हुण ॥१॥ देखतील डोळां ऐकती कानीं । बोलिलें पुराणीं तें ही ठावें ॥ध्रु.॥ काय हें शरीर साच कीं जाणार । सकळ विचार जाणती हा ॥२॥ कां हें कळों नये आपुलें आपणा । बाळत्व तारुण्य वृद्धदशा ॥३॥ कां हें आवडलें प्रियापुत्रधन । काय कामा कोण कोणा आलें ॥४॥ कां हें जन्म वांयां घातलें उत्तम । कां हे रामराम न म्हणती ॥५॥ काय भुली यांसी पडली जाणतां । देखती मरतां आणिकांसी ॥६॥ काय करिती हे बांधलिया काळें । तुका म्हणे बळें वज्रपाशीं ॥७॥

Literal translation

English: Why don't they know what's happened to others? — what to say, what why? They see with eyes, hear with ears — what's spoken in Purāṇas, they know too. Whether this śarīra is real or jāṇāra — all reasoning they know. Why does this not come known to oneself — bālatva, tāruṇya, vṛddha-daśā? Why has wife-son-wealth been āvaḍalēm? — what kāma has come to whom? Why has this uttama janma been vāyām-ghātalēm? — why don't they say Rāma-Rāma? What bhulī has fallen on them, knowing? — they see others dying. What would these do, bound by Kāḷa — Tuka says: by force, in vajra-pāśa.

मराठी: काय — एकां — जालें — तें — कां — नाहीं — ठावें? — काय — हें — सांगावें — काय — म्हुण? देखतील — डोळां — ऐकती — कानीं; — बोलिलें — पुराणीं — तें — ही — ठावें. काय — हें — शरीर — साच — कीं — जाणार? — सकळ — विचार — जाणती — हा. कां — हें — कळों — नये — आपुलें — आपणा? — बालत्व — तारुण्य — वृद्ध-दशा. कां — हें — आवडलें — प्रिया-पुत्र-धन? — काय — कामा — कोण — कोणा — आलें? कां — हें — जन्म — वांयां — घातलें — उत्तम? — कां — हे — राम-राम — न — म्हणती? काय — भुली — यांसी — पडली — जाणतां? — देखती — मरतां — आणिकांसी. काय — करिती — हे — बांधलिया — काळें? — Tukā म्हणे — बळें — वज्र-पाशीं.

Word-by-word gloss
Marathi Meaning
काय एकां जालें तें कां नाहीं ठावें "what — to others — has happened — why — don't they know?"
काय हें सांगावें काय म्हुण "what to say (sāngāvēm) — what mhuṇa (why)?"
देखतील डोळां ऐकती कानीं "they will see — with eyes — they hear — with ears"
बोलिलें पुराणीं तें ही ठावें "what's been spoken in Purāṇas — that too — known"
काय हें शरीर साच कीं जाणार "whether this śarīra is real or going-away (jāṇāra)"
सकळ विचार जाणती हा "all reasoning (sakaḷa vicāra) — they know — this"
कां हें कळों नये आपुलें आपणा "why — does it not become known — to oneself?"
बाळत्व तारुण्य वृद्धदशा "bālatva (childhood), tāruṇya (youth), vṛddha-daśā (old-age)"
कां हें आवडलें प्रियापुत्रधन "why — has this been liked — priyā-putra-dhana (wife-son-wealth)?"
काय कामा कोण कोणा आलें "what workwho — to whom — has come (= been of use)?"
कां हें जन्म वांयां घातलें उत्तम "why — has this uttama (best) — janma — been vāyām ghātalēm (thrown in vain)?"
कां हे रामराम न म्हणती "why — these — don't they say — Rāma-Rāma?"
काय भुली यांसी पडली जाणतां "what bhulī (delusion) — has fallen on them — though knowing?"
देखती मरतां आणिकांसी "they see — others dying"
काय करिती हे बांधलिया काळें "what would these do — bound by Kāḷa?"
तुका म्हणे बळें वज्रपाशीं "Tuka says — by baḷa — in vajra-pāśa (adamantine-noose)"

What it means

Why-don't-they-say-Rāma-Rāma abhang. Direct continuation of 1491's astonishment-and-grief. Where 1491 enumerated why people neglect bhakti?, 1492 enumerates why-they-neglect-it-despite-knowing. The opening: kāya ēkām jālēm tēm kām nāhīm ṭhāvēwhat's happened to others — why don't they know? Then: dēkhatīla ḍōḷām aikatī kānīm — bōlilēm purāṇīm tēm hī ṭhāvēthey see with eyes, hear with ears — even what's spoken in the Purāṇas they know. The paradox-of-knowing-but-not-acting.

The body-knowledge: kāya hēm śarīra sāca kīm jāṇāra — sakaḷa vicāra jāṇatī hāwhether this body is real or going — they know all the reasoning. The jāṇāra (= going-away) — the body is going-from-existence; they know this intellectually.

The age-progression: kām hēm kaḷōm nayē āpulēm āpaṇā — bālatva tāruṇya vṛddha-daśāwhy doesn't this come known to oneself — childhood, youth, old-age? The three-ages — even seeing one's own progression, why doesn't the bhakti-implication become clear?

The wife-son-wealth-question: kām hēm āvaḍalēm priyā-putra-dhana — kāya kāmā kōṇa kōṇā ālēmwhy are wife-son-wealth liked? — what work has anyone been of, to anyone? (= no relation has helped any other in extremity.)

The wasted-birth: kām hēm janma vāyām ghātalēm uttama — kām hē Rāma-Rāma na mhaṇatīwhy this best-birth thrown in vain? — why don't they say Rāma-Rāma? The vāyām-ghātalēm image — the human-birth, the best, has been thrown-out-without-using*. Why don't they at least say "Rāma-Rāma"? (= the most-minimal-bhakti-act.)

The delusion-paradox: kāya bhulī yāñsī paḍalī jāṇatām — dēkhatī maratām āṇikāñsīwhat bhulī has fallen on them, knowing? — they see others dying. Even with eyes-on-others'-deaths, the bhulī covers them.

The closing-image: kāya karitī hē bāndhaliyā kāḷē — baḷē vajra-pāśīmwhat would they do — bound by Kāla — by force — in the vajra-pāśa (= adamantine-noose)? The vajra-pāśa is the unbreakable-noose — even if they wanted to act, they'd be helpless. (= bhulī produces complete paralysis; the wake-up-window may have closed.)

[T]

For someone today

For today: people see, hear, know — yet why don't they understand for themselves? body-truth, age-progression, wife-son-wealth's uselessness — all known; this best-birth thrown in vain — why don't they say Rāma-Rāma? delusion has fallen even on knowers; bound by Time in adamantine-noose.

Where this applies

Related verses