संत साहित्य
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संत साहित्य · Tukārām · Abhanga 2301 of 4582

Abhanga 2301

God takes whatever form each person needs or imagines, fierce, gentle, loving, or tender, yet remains formless underneath all of it.

When you picture the divine in a very personal way and wonder if that's legitimate.
When you feel God should be stern one moment and gentle the next, and aren't sure how both can be true.
When you crave a tender, parental kind of divine love rather than a distant, abstract one.

The verse

उदारा कृपाळा पतितपावना । ब्रिदें नारायणा साच तुझीं ॥१॥ वर्णिलासी जैसा जाणतां नेणतां । तैसा तूं अनंता साच होसी ॥ध्रु.॥ दैत्यां काळ भक्तां मेघश्याममूर्ति । चतुर्भुज हातीं शंख चक्र ॥२॥ काम इच्छा तयां तैसा होसी राणीं । यशोदेच्या स्तनीं पान करी ॥३॥ होऊनि सकळ कांहींच न होसी । तुका म्हणे यासी वेद ग्वाही ॥४॥

Literal translation

Udārā, kṛpāḷā, patita-pāvana — your birudas, Nārāyaṇa, are true. As one describes — knowing or not-knowing — like that, you, Ananta, become true. Kāla to the daityas — mēgha-śyāma-mūrti to the bhaktas — chatur-bhuja, conch-and-chakra in hand. To those of kāma-desire, you become like that, in [Kṛṣṇa-līlā] — at Yaśodā's breast, you drink. Becoming all, you don't become anything — Tuka says — the Veda is witness.

Word-by-word gloss
Marathi Meaning
उदारा कृपाळा पतितपावना "udārā, kṛpāḷā, patita-pāvana"
ब्रिदें नारायणा साच तुझीं "your birudas, Nārāyaṇa, are true"
वर्णिलासी जैसा जाणतां नेणतां "as one describes — knowing or not-knowing"
तैसा तूं अनंता साच होसी "like that, you, Ananta, become true"
दैत्यां काळ भक्तां मेघश्याममूर्ति "Kāla to the daityas — mēgha-śyāma-mūrti to the bhaktas"
चतुर्भुज हातीं शंख चक्र "chatur-bhuja, conch-and-chakra in hand"
काम इच्छा तयां तैसा होसी राणीं "to those of kāma-desire, you become like that, in [Kṛṣṇa-līlā]"
यशोदेच्या स्तनीं पान करी "at Yaśodā's breast, you drink"
होऊनि सकळ कांहींच न होसी "becoming all, you don't become anything"
तुका म्हणे यासी वेद ग्वाही "Tuka says — the Veda is witness"

What it means

Lord's-birudas-and-many-forms + becoming-all-yet-not-anything abhang.

The opening — three-birudas: udārā kṛpāḷā patita-pāvanā — bridē Nārāyaṇā sācha tujhīmudārā, kṛpāḷā, patita-pāvana — your birudas, Nārāyaṇa, are true. Udārā (generous), kṛpāḷā (compassionate), patita-pāvana (purifier-of-the-fallen) — your-birudas, Nārāyaṇa, are-true.

The description-shapes-you: varṇilāsī jaisā jāṇatām nēṇatām — taisā tūm Ananta sācha hōsīas one describes — knowing or not-knowing — like that, you, Ananta, become true. As-one-describes (knowing-or-not-knowing), like-that you-become-true (= you take-the-form the-bhakta-imagines).

THE FOUR-FORM CATALOG: 1. To daityas — Kāla: daityām kāḷa — to-the-daityas, you-are-Time/Death 2. To bhaktas — mēgha-śyāma-mūrti: bhaktām mēgha-śyāma-mūrti — chatur-bhuja hātīm śankha chakra — to-the-bhaktas, the-cloud-dark-form, chatur-bhuja-with-conch-and-chakra 3. To women of kāma-desire — Kṛṣṇa-līlā lover: kāma icchā tayām taisā hōsī rāṇīm — to-women-of-kāma-desire, you-become-like-that-in-the-(Kṛṣṇa-)līlā 4. To Yaśodā — suckling-child: Yaśōdēchyā stanīm pāna karī — at-Yaśodā's-breast, you-drink-milk

The closing — becoming-all-yet-nothing: hō'ūni sakaḷa kāmhīñcha na hōsī — Tukā mhaṇē yāsī Vēda gvāhībecoming all, you don't become anything — Tuka says — the Veda is witness. Becoming-all, you-don't-become-anything; the-Veda is-witness-to-this (= the Lord's-multi-form-responsiveness is also-his nirguṇa-non-form-essence).

[T]

For someone today

For today: udārā, kṛpāḷā, patita-pāvana — your birudas are true; as one describes, knowing or not — Ananta becomes like that; Kāla to daityas, mēgha-śyāma-mūrti to bhaktas, chatur-bhuja with śankha-chakra; to women of kāma-desire — Kṛṣṇa-līlā lover; at Yaśodā's breast — suckling child; becoming all, not becoming anything — Tuka says — Veda is witness.

Where this applies

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