संत साहित्य
Work in progress. Translations and commentary are AI-generated and may contain inaccuracies or hallucinations — please use your own judgement and check against the original sources.
संत साहित्य · Tukārām · Abhanga 2742 of 4582

Abhanga 2742

You do not need to hide your flaws or shame before turning to God, you can come exactly as you are and trust his promise to be a refuge for the lowly and the fallen.

The canonical daily-recited Vārkarī destitution-refuge prayer

The verse

याती हीन मति हीन कर्म हीन माझें । सांडोनियां सर्व लज्जा शरण आलों तुज ॥१॥ येई गा तूं मायबापा पंढरीच्या राया । तुजविण सीण जाला क्षीण जाली काया ॥ध्रु.॥ दिनानाथ दीनबंधू नाम तुज साजे । पतितपावन नाम ऐसी ब्रीदावळी गाजे॥२॥ विटेवरि वीट उभा कटावरी कर । तुका म्हणे हें चि आम्हां ध्यान निरंतर ॥३॥

Literal translation

Yātī hīna mati hīna karma hīna mājhēlowly is myyātī(caste, lineage); lowly is mymati(mind, intellect); lowly is mykarma(action, deed) — mine. Sāṇḍōniyām sarva lajjā śaraṇa ālōm tujaabandoning alllajjā(shame), I have come for refuge to you. Yēī gā tūm māyabāpā Paṇḍharīñcyā rāyācome, mother-father, king of Paṇḍharī; tujavīṇa sīṇa jālā kṣīṇa jālī kāyāwithout you,sīṇa(struggle) has come; the body has becomekṣīṇa(wasted, depleted). Dīna-nātha dīna-bandhu nāma tuja sājethe namesDīna-nātha(Lord-of-the-destitute),Dīna-bandhu(Kinsman-of-the-destitute) befit you; patita-pāvana nāma aisī brīdāvaḷī gājethe namepatita-pāvana(Savior-of-the-fallen) — suchbrīdāvaḷī(banner-of-vow) thunders. Viṭēvarī viṭa ubhā kaṭāvari karastanding on theviṭa(brick), hand on thekaṭa(hip/waist); Tukā says: hē chi āmhām dhyāna nirantarathis is ournirantara(constant, unbroken)dhyāna.

What it means

This is one of Tukārām's most-recited canonical-prayers, daily-recited across Maharashtra. Each verse is densely-packed.

The openingyātī hīna mati hīna karma hīna mājhē — sāṇḍōniyām sarva lajjā śaraṇa ālōm tujalowly-caste, lowly-mind, lowly-karma is mine; abandoning all shame, I have come for refuge to you. The triple-claim of hīna (low, deficient) covers every relevant dimension: jātī (caste, lineage), mati (mind, intellect), karma (deeds). No aspect of the person makes any claim. Sāṇḍōniyām sarva lajjāabandoning all shame — is the move-of-refuge: the bhakta will not pretend; he comes-as-he-is.

The dhrūpadayēī gā tūm māyabāpā Paṇḍharīñcyā rāyā — tujavīṇa sīṇa jālā kṣīṇa jālī kāyācome, mother-father, king of Paṇḍharī — without you, struggle has come, the body has wasted. The petition: come. The address: mother-father, king of Paṇḍharī. The justification: without you, sīṇa (struggle) has come; the body has become kṣīṇa (wasted). The dependency is named without disguise.

The third versedīna-nātha dīna-bandhu nāma tuja sāje — patita-pāvana nāma aisī brīdāvaḷī gājethe namesDīna-nātha(Lord-of-the-destitute),Dīna-bandhu(Kinsman-of-the-destitute) befit you; the namepatita-pāvana(Savior-of-the-fallen) — suchbrīdāvaḷī(banner-of-vow) thunders. The bhakta names the Lord's titles. Sāje (befits) — these names fit you. Brīdāvaḷī gājethe banner-of-vow thunders — these titles are not gentle-suggestions; they are proclamations.

The closeviṭēvarī viṭa ubhā kaṭāvari kara — hē chi āmhām dhyāna nirantarastanding on the brick, hand on hip — this is our constant dhyāna. The iconographic-image: Viṭhṭhala at Paṇḍharī stands on the brick (the brick of Puṇḍalika, the viṭā) with hands resting on the hips (kaṭa-vara-kara — the famous Kaṭi-vara-kara mudra). Tukārām says: hē chi āmhām dhyāna nirantarathis is ournirantara(unbroken, constant) dhyāna. The image is the dhyāna.

For someone today

This verse is the canonical daily-recited Vārkarī destitution-refuge prayer. You can pray it exactly: lowly-caste, lowly-mind, lowly-karma is mine; abandoning all shame, I have come for refuge to you; come, mother-father, king of Paṇḍharī; without you, struggle has come and the body has wasted; your names — Dīna-nātha, Dīna-bandhu, Patita-pāvana — fit you and thunder; standing on the brick, hand on hip — this is our constant dhyāna. The honesty of triple-hīna + abandoning-all-shame is the prayer's force. You do not have to qualify; you come as-you-are. The verse permits-and-models this.

Where this applies