संत साहित्य
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संत साहित्य · Tukārām · Abhanga 2742 of 4582

Abhanga 2742

This verse is the canonical daily-recited Vārkarī destitution-refuge prayer. You can pray it exactly: lowly-caste, lowly-mind, lowly-karma is mine; abandoning all shame, I have come for refuge to you; come, mother-father, king of Paṇḍharī; without you, struggle has come and the body has wasted; your names — Dīna-nātha, Dīna-bandhu, Patita-pāvana — fit you and thunder; standing on the brick, hand on hip — this is our constant dhyāna. The honesty of triple-hīna + abandoning-all-shame is the prayer's force. You do not have to qualify; you come as-you-are. The verse permits-and-models this.

The canonical daily-recited Vārkarī destitution-refuge prayer
Coming-as-one-is, abandoning all shame
The Viṭhoba-on-the-brick-hand-on-hip nirantara dhyāna

The verse

याती हीन मति हीन कर्म हीन माझें । सांडोनियां सर्व लज्जा शरण आलों तुज ॥१॥ येई गा तूं मायबापा पंढरीच्या राया । तुजविण सीण जाला क्षीण जाली काया ॥ध्रु.॥ दिनानाथ दीनबंधू नाम तुज साजे । पतितपावन नाम ऐसी ब्रीदावळी गाजे॥२॥ विटेवरि वीट उभा कटावरी कर । तुका म्हणे हें चि आम्हां ध्यान निरंतर ॥३॥

Literal translation

Yātī hīna mati hīna karma hīna mājhēlowly is my yātī (caste, lineage); lowly is my mati (mind, intellect); lowly is my karma (action, deed) — mine. Sāṇḍōniyām sarva lajjā śaraṇa ālōm tujaabandoning all lajjā (shame), I have come for refuge to you. Yēī gā tūm māyabāpā Paṇḍharīñcyā rāyācome, mother-father, king of Paṇḍharī; tujavīṇa sīṇa jālā kṣīṇa jālī kāyāwithout you, sīṇa (struggle) has come; the body has become kṣīṇa (wasted, depleted). Dīna-nātha dīna-bandhu nāma tuja sājethe names Dīna-nātha (Lord-of-the-destitute), Dīna-bandhu (Kinsman-of-the-destitute) befit you; patita-pāvana nāma aisī brīdāvaḷī gājethe name patita-pāvana (Savior-of-the-fallen) — such brīdāvaḷī (banner-of-vow) thunders. Viṭēvarī viṭa ubhā kaṭāvari karastanding on the viṭa (brick), hand on the kaṭa (hip/waist); Tukā says: hē chi āmhām dhyāna nirantarathis is our nirantara (constant, unbroken) dhyāna**.

What it means

This is one of Tukārām's most-recited canonical-prayers, daily-recited across Maharashtra. Each verse is densely-packed.

The openingyātī hīna mati hīna karma hīna mājhē — sāṇḍōniyām sarva lajjā śaraṇa ālōm tujalowly-caste, lowly-mind, lowly-karma is mine; abandoning all shame, I have come for refuge to you. The triple-claim of hīna (low, deficient) covers every relevant dimension: jātī (caste, lineage), mati (mind, intellect), karma (deeds). No aspect of the person makes any claim. Sāṇḍōniyām sarva lajjāabandoning all shame — is the move-of-refuge: the bhakta will not pretend; he comes-as-he-is.

The dhrūpadayēī gā tūm māyabāpā Paṇḍharīñcyā rāyā — tujavīṇa sīṇa jālā kṣīṇa jālī kāyācome, mother-father, king of Paṇḍharī — without you, struggle has come, the body has wasted. The petition: come. The address: mother-father, king of Paṇḍharī. The justification: without you, sīṇa (struggle) has come; the body has become kṣīṇa (wasted). The dependency is named without disguise.

The third versedīna-nātha dīna-bandhu nāma tuja sāje — patita-pāvana nāma aisī brīdāvaḷī gājethe names Dīna-nātha (Lord-of-the-destitute), Dīna-bandhu (Kinsman-of-the-destitute) befit you; the name patita-pāvana (Savior-of-the-fallen) — such brīdāvaḷī (banner-of-vow) thunders. The bhakta names the Lord's titles. Sāje (befits) — these names fit you. Brīdāvaḷī gājethe banner-of-vow thunders — these titles are not gentle-suggestions; they are proclamations.

The closeviṭēvarī viṭa ubhā kaṭāvari kara — hē chi āmhām dhyāna nirantarastanding on the brick, hand on hip — this is our constant dhyāna. The iconographic-image: Viṭhṭhala at Paṇḍharī stands on the brick (the brick of Puṇḍalika, the viṭā) with hands resting on the hips (kaṭa-vara-kara — the famous Kaṭi-vara-kara mudra). Tukārām says: hē chi āmhām dhyāna nirantarathis is our nirantara (unbroken, constant) dhyāna. The image is the dhyāna.

For someone today

This verse is the canonical daily-recited Vārkarī destitution-refuge prayer. You can pray it exactly: lowly-caste, lowly-mind, lowly-karma is mine; abandoning all shame, I have come for refuge to you; come, mother-father, king of Paṇḍharī; without you, struggle has come and the body has wasted; your names — Dīna-nātha, Dīna-bandhu, Patita-pāvana — fit you and thunder; standing on the brick, hand on hip — this is our constant dhyāna. The honesty of triple-hīna + abandoning-all-shame is the prayer's force. You do not have to qualify; you come as-you-are. The verse permits-and-models this.

Where this applies