संत साहित्य
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संत साहित्य · Tukārām · Abhanga 238 of 4582

Abhanga 238

This abhang names a common bhakti-failure-mode:

When the crisis-clamor erupts and each cries by their own bhāva — and you have to recognize the plurality-of-affects even in shared-grief
When we missed in playing the game names the bhakta's culpability — and you accept this honest-claim
When all run to the bank, none jumps inside — and you have to recognize the witnessing-without-engaging failure-mode

The verse

अवघीं मिळोनि कोल्हाळ केला । आतां होता म्हणती गेला ॥१॥ आपलिया रडती भावें । जयासवें जयापरी ॥ध्रु.॥ चुकलों आम्ही खेळतां खेळ । गेला गोपाळ हातींचा ॥२॥ तुका म्हणे धांवती थडी । न घली उडी आंत कोणी ॥३॥

Literal translation

English: All gathered — made clamor. Just now (he was here), (now they) say gone. Each cries by their own bhāva — by whichever (relation). We missed in playing the game — the gopāl is gone from our hands. Tuka says: they run to the bank — but no one jumps inside.

मराठी: अवघीं मिळोनि कोल्हाळ केला — आतां होता म्हणती गेला. आपलिया रडती भावें — जयासवें जयापरी. चुकलों आम्ही खेळतां खेळ — गेला गोपाळ हातींचा. तुकाराम म्हणतात — धांवती थडी — न घली उडी आंत कोणी.

Word-by-word gloss
Marathi Meaning
अवघीं मिळोनि कोल्हाळ केला "all gathered — made kolhāḷa (clamor)"
आतां होता म्हणती गेला "just now (he was), (now they) say gone"
आपलिया रडती भावें "(each) cries by their own bhāva"
जयासवें जयापरी "by-whichever (relation)"
चुकलों आम्ही खेळतां खेळ "we missed (failed) in playing the game"
गेला गोपाळ हातींचा "the gopāl has gone from our hands"
धांवती थडी "they run to the thaḍī (bank)"
न घली उडी आंत कोणी "(but) no one jumps inside"

What it means

A crisis-witness abhang in the Kāliya-mardana sequence. After Krishna jumps into the Yamuna (237), the bhakta-band reacts. Three sharp observations:

  1. आपलिया रडती भावें — जयासवें जयापरीeach cries by their own bhāva — by whichever relation. The plurality-of-affects in shared-grief. Each companion has their own bhāva with Krishna; the grief is not uniform. Some cry as friends, some as protectors, some as worshippers, some as children. The bhāva-uniqueness is preserved even in collective-crisis.

  2. चुकलों आम्ही खेळतां खेळ — गेला गोपाळ हातींचाwe missed in playing the game — the gopāl is gone from our hands. The self-recognition: we (= the bhakta-band) missed in playing the game; the gopāl has gone-from-our-hands. The bhaktas take responsibility: they missed; they let him go-from-their-hands. (Compare 230's kabaddi-trap played, cattle avoided — the bhaktas' game-engagement causes neglect of the deity-charge.)

  3. धांवती थडी — न घली उडी आंत कोणीthey run to the bank — but no one jumps inside. The sharp critique. They all run to the bank (= externally-respond, witness, gather, lament) — but none jumps inside (= none enters the deep with Krishna). The bank-running-no-jumping is the failure-mode. The bhakta-band witnesses externally but does not enter. [T]

For someone today

This abhang names a common bhakti-failure-mode:

  1. Each cries by their own bhāva — preserve the plurality. Āpalīyā raḍatī bhāvē — jayāsavē jayāparī. In shared-crisis, each one's grief has its own form. Don't demand uniformity; let each cry by their own bhāva. Forced-uniform-grief is less than the plural-honest grief.

  2. Honest self-recognition: we missed. Cukalōm āmhī khēḷatām khēḷa. The bhaktas do not blame Krishna for jumping; they blame themselves for missing in the game. Honest-self-blame — not survivor-guilt, but honest-recognition that I-let-this-happen.

  3. Bank-running is not jumping-inside. Dhāmvatī thaḍī — na ghalī uḍī āmta koṇī. This is the sharp critique. Witnessing externally — running to the bank, lamenting, gathering, telling-others, posting-online, processing — is not the same as entering the deep with the loved-one. Many run to the bank; few jump inside. Examine which mode you are in.

For today: in any crisis with a loved-one in the deeplet plural-bhāvas grieve honestly; take honest self-blame for letting-it-happen; ask whether you are running to the bank or jumping inside.

This claim is structurally important: external-witnessing of crisis is the standard bhakta-failure-mode. Tukaram is not asking everyone to jump inside (that would be reckless); he is naming the bank-running as the standard-form-which-is-not-the-jumping. Honest-recognition is the first step.

मराठी: ही ओवी common bhakti-failure-mode नाव सांगते:

  1. प्रत्येक आपल्या bhāva-ने रडतो — plurality जपा. आपलिया रडती भावें — जयासवें जयापरी. Shared-crisis मध्ये — प्रत्येकाच्या grief-ला आपलं form. Uniformity demand करू नका; प्रत्येकाला आपल्या bhāva-ने रडू द्या. Forced-uniform-grief plural-honest grief पेक्षा कमी.

  2. Honest self-recognition: आम्ही चुकलो. चुकलों आम्ही खेळतां खेळ. Bhaktas कृष्णाला blame करत नाहीत jumping साठी; ते स्वतःला blame करतात game मध्ये missing साठी. Survivor-guilt नाही, honest-recognition की मी हे होऊ-दिलं.

  3. Bank-running jumping-inside नाही. धांवती थडी — न घली उडी आंत कोणी. हे sharp critique. External witnessing — bank कडे धावणं, lamenting, gathering, telling-others, posting-online, processing — नाही same as deep मध्ये प्रिय-व्यक्तीसह enter होणं. अनेक bank-कडे धावतात; thoडे inside-jump करतात. कोणत्या mode मध्ये आहात तपासा.

आज: प्रिय-व्यक्ती deep-मध्ये असलेल्या crisis मध्ये — plural-bhāvas honestly grieve होऊ द्या; honest self-blame let-it-happen साठी घ्या; bank-कडे धावत आहात की inside-jump करत आहात विचारा.

हा claim structurally महत्त्वाचा: crisis च external-witnessing standard bhakta-failure-mode. तुकाराम सर्वांनी inside-jump करावं सांगत नाहीत (ते reckless होईल); bank-running standard-form आहे जे jumping नाही — हे नाव सांगतायत. Honest-recognition पहिली पायरी.

Where this applies

Related verses