Abhanga 306
A life ruled by a spouse's whims, greed, laziness, craving for a holy reputation, or slander toward others is a life without honor in this world or the next.
The verse
धिग जीणें तो बाइले आधीन । परलोक मान नाही दोन्ही ॥१॥ धिग जीणें ज्याचें लोभावरी मन । अतीतपूजन घडे चि ना ॥ध्रु.॥ धिग जीणें आळस निद्रा जया फार । अमित आहार अघोरिया ॥२॥ धिग जीणें नाहीं विवेक वैराग्य । झुरे मानालागीं साधुपणा ॥३॥ तुका म्हणे धिग ऐसे जाले लोक । निंदक वादक नरका जाती ॥४॥
Literal translation
Dhik the jīṇa of one wife-controlled — neither iha-loka nor para-loka honor (it). Dhik the jīṇa of one whose mind is on lōbha — atīta-pūjana never happens. Dhik the jīṇa of one with much ālasa-nidrā — amita āhāra, aghoriyā. Dhik the jīṇa without viveka-vairāgya — withering for māna-along-with-sādhu-status. Tuka says: dhik such people — the nindaka-vādaka go to naraka.
मराठी: धिग जीणें तो बाइले आधीन — परलोक मान नाही दोन्ही. धिग जीणें ज्याचें लोभावरी मन — अतीतपूजन घडे चि ना. धिग जीणें आळस निद्रा जया फार — अमित आहार अघोरिया. धिग जीणें नाहीं विवेक वैराग्य — झुरे मानालागीं साधुपणा. तुकाराम म्हणतां — धिग ऐसे जाले लोक — निंदक वादक नरका जाती.
Word-by-word gloss
| Marathi | Meaning |
|---|---|
| धिग जीणें तो बाइले आधीन | "dhik (shame) thejīṇaof one wife-ādhīna(controlled-by)" |
| परलोक मान नाही दोन्ही | "neitheriha-lokanorpara-lokahonor (it)" |
| धिग जीणें ज्याचें लोभावरी मन | "dhik — mind onlōbha" |
| अतीतपूजन घडे चि ना | "atīta-pūjana never happens" |
| धिग जीणें आळस निद्रा जया फार | "dhik — muchālasa-nidrā" |
| अमित आहार अघोरिया | "amita āhāra (limitless food), aghoriyā (gross / unrestrained)" |
| धिग जीणें नाहीं विवेक वैराग्य | "dhik — withoutviveka-vairāgya" |
| झुरे मानालागीं साधुपणा | "withers formāna-along-with-sādhu-status" |
| धिग ऐसे जाले लोक | "dhik (such) people who have become" |
| निंदक वादक नरका जाती | "nindaka-vādaka go to naraka" |
What it means
A dhik-jīṇa-list abhang. Five categories of shamefully-lived life:
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Wife-controlled (or partner-controlled). Bāyalē-ādhīna. The point is not anti-marriage (Tukaram is a householder); it is anti-being-controlled-by-the-spouse-instead-of-by-the-deva. The correct ordering: deva-first, family-included. The failure: spouse-prioritized over deva. Result: neither this-world nor other-world honor.
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Lōbha-mind, no atīta-pūjana. Greed in the mind prevents atīta-pūjana (worship-of-the-mendicant — see 280). The lōbha-mind cannot honor the atīta because the atīta represents the opposite-of-lōbha.
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Ālasa-nidrā-amita-āhāra-aghoriyā. Excessive laziness, sleep, food — aghoriyā (gross, unrestrained, beast-like). The body-tāmasic register. (Compare 268's social-corruption critique.)
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No viveka-vairāgya — withering for sādhu-status-honor. This is the most-subtle: withering for the māna (honor) of being-considered-a-sādhu. Without viveka and vairāgya, the person desires the social-recognition of sādhu-status without the substance. (Compare 244's abhimāna-renunciation.)
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Nindaka-vādaka go to naraka. Slanderer-debaters (those who spread nindā and engage in vāda / hostile-debate) go to naraka. (Compare 254's voice-used-up-in-nindā-stuti-stavanī; 283's no-dhīra-in-mouth.)
[T]
For someone today
Tukaram lists several ways of living that deserve real shame. A life ruled entirely by a spouse's whims, with God pushed aside, earns honor neither in this world nor the next; a mind fixed on greed can never properly honor a holy guest, because greed is the opposite of what they represent; and a life of excessive laziness, sleep, and gluttony is coarse and beastly, with nothing refined about it. The subtlest trap of all is craving the reputation of being a holy person without actually having the inner discernment and detachment to back it up. And Tukaram warns that those who spend their lives slandering others and picking arguments are headed for real trouble. Read this as a checklist for honest self-examination, not as a judgment of others.
मराठी: तुकाराम लज्जास्पद ठरणाऱ्या अनेक जगण्याच्या पद्धती सांगतात. देवाला बाजूला सारून पूर्णपणे पत्नीच्या लहरींनुसार चालणारं आयुष्य या लोकात किंवा परलोकातही मान मिळवत नाही; लोभाने भरलेलं मन कधीच एखाद्या साधू-अतिथीचा खरा सन्मान करू शकत नाही, कारण लोभ हा त्यांच्या मूल्यांच्या अगदी विरुद्ध असतो; आणि अति आळस, झोप आणि खादाडपणाने भरलेलं आयुष्य ओबडधोबड आणि पशुसमान असतं, त्यात काहीच परिष्कृतता नसते. सर्वात सूक्ष्म सापळा म्हणजे खरा विवेक आणि वैराग्य नसतानाही साधू म्हणून समाजात प्रतिष्ठा मिळवण्याची हाव धरणं. आणि तुकाराम इशारा देतात की जे आयुष्यभर इतरांची निंदा आणि वाद करत राहतात त्यांच्यावर खरा त्रास ओढवतो. हे इतरांना जोखण्यासाठी नाही, तर स्वतःच्या प्रामाणिक आत्मपरीक्षणासाठी वाचा.
Where this applies
- Spouse-controlled, deva-deprioritized. Inversion of priority.
- Lōbha-mind blocks atīta-honor. Greed-vs-renunciation.
- Ālasa-nidrā-amita-āhāra = aghoriyā. Body-tāmasic.
- Withering-for-sādhu-status = subtlest trap. No viveka-vairāgya substance.
- Nindaka-vādaka → naraka. Verbal-cruelty consequence.