संत साहित्य
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संत साहित्य · Tukārām · Abhanga 1425 of 4582

Abhanga 1425

For today: Hari, why have you taken a name if you're niṣkāma? — jñāna-talk is mutual-cheating; let love dance — if it's real, it shows on the road ahead; prema is no work of breaking.

When jñāna-talk reveals itself as mutual-cheating — why has Hari taken a name when he is niṣkāma? — let love dance — prema doesn't break

The verse

कां जी धरिलें नाम । तुम्ही असोनि निष्काम ॥१॥ कोणां सांगतसां ज्ञान । ठकाठकीचें लक्षण ॥ध्रु.॥ आवडीनें नाचें । आहे तरी पुढें साचें ॥२॥ तुका म्हणे प्रेम । नाहीं भंगायाचें काम ॥३॥

Literal translation

English: Why, sir, have you taken a nāma — you (yourself) being niṣkāma? To whom are you telling jñāna? — that's the lakṣaṇa of ṭhakā-ṭhakī. By āvaḍī, let it dance — if it is, it'll be sāca ahead. Tuka says: prēma — is no work of bhanga.

मराठी: कां — जी — धरिलें — नाम? — तुम्ही — असोनि — निष्काम. कोणां — सांगतसां — ज्ञान? — ठका-ठकीचें — लक्षण. आवडीनें — नाचें; — आहे — तरी — पुढें — साचें. Tukā म्हणे — प्रेम; — नाहीं — भंगायाचें — काम.

Word-by-word gloss
Marathi Meaning
कां जी धरिलें नाम "why (kām) — sir (jī, polite) — have (you) taken/borne (dharilēm) — a nāma?"
तुम्ही असोनि निष्काम "you (politely) — being (asōnī) — niṣkāma (= desire-less / kāma-less)"
कोणां सांगतसां ज्ञान "to whom (kōṇām) — are (you) telling (sāngatasām) — jñāna?"
ठकाठकीचें लक्षण "of ṭhakā-ṭhakī (= mutual-cheating) — lakṣaṇa (mark / sign)"
आवडीनें नाचें "by āvaḍī (love) — let (it) dance (nācē)"
आहे तरी पुढें साचें "if (it) is (āhē tarī) — puḍhēm (ahead) — sācē (true)"
तुका म्हणे प्रेम "Tuka says — prēma"
नाहीं भंगायाचें काम "is no (nāhīm) — kāma (work) — of bhanga (breaking)"

What it means

Why-take-a-name-when-niṣkāma abhang. Light Hari-tāḍ — Tuka catches Hari in a paradox. The opening: kām jī dharilēm nāma — tumhī asōnī niṣkāmawhy, sir (jī, politely-needling) — have you taken a nāma? — when you (yourself) are niṣkāma (= desire-less / having no kāma). The paradox: Hari is niṣkāma (= without-desire); yet he bears a nāma (= takes a name, takes a form). If you have no desire, why bear a name? (Pun: niṣ-kāma = desire-less; nāma implies kāma in some sense. The very-nāma-bearing presupposes a desire to be known*.)

The middle dig: kōṇām sāngatasām jñāna — ṭhakā-ṭhakīcē lakṣaṇato whom are you telling jñāna? — that's the lakṣaṇa (mark) of ṭhakā-ṭhakī (= mutual-cheating). Jñāna-discourse is mutual-cheating — the jñāna-teller and jñāna-listener cheat each other (each pretending to give-or-receive what neither has). (This may be aimed at Hari in the abhēda-mode — if you're niṣkāma and beyond-name, who are you teaching jñāna to? — or at the fake-jñānīs of 1424.)

The corrective: āvaḍīnēm nācē — āhē tarī puḍhēm sācēby āvaḍī (love) — let (it) dance (nācē); — if it is (real), then ahead — it will be sācē (true). Let love dance (= the bhakti-state); if it's real love, it will be sāca (true) on the road ahead. Real prēma proves itself by going-on; jñāna as talk doesn't.

The closing: Tukā mhaṇē prēma — nāhīm bhangāyācēm kāmaTuka says — prēma — is no kāma (work) — of bhanga (breaking). Prēma is not breakableit has no breakage-business. (Cf. 1397's wet-root piercing rock — prēma has the same un-breakable quality.)

[T]

For someone today

For today: Hari, why have you taken a name if you're niṣkāma? — jñāna-talk is mutual-cheating; let love dance — if it's real, it shows on the road ahead; prema is no work of breaking.

Where this applies

Related verses