संत साहित्य
Work in progress. Translations and commentary are AI-generated and may contain inaccuracies or hallucinations — please use your own judgement and check against the original sources.
संत साहित्य · Tukārām · Abhanga 228 of 4582

Abhanga 228

This abhang is a tactical-manual disguised in folk-game-imagery:

When the band-game is tactically tight — and you have to recognize the look-both-ways discipline
When the slipping-comrade needs saving — and you have to honor the comrade-protection rule
When still-stuck-why — and you accept the closing-question

The verse

मागें पुढें पाहें सांभाळूनि दोनी ठाय । चुकावूनि जाय गडी राखे गडियांसि ॥१॥ मुरडे दंडा दोहीं तोंडें गडियां सावध करी । भेटतियासंगे तया हाल तुजवरी ॥ध्रु.॥ गडियां गडी वांटुनि देई । ज्याचा सोडी तेचि ठायीं ॥२॥ अगळ्या बळें करील काय । तुज देणें लागे डोय ॥३॥ नवां घरीं पाउला करीं । सांपडे तो तेथें धरीं ॥४॥ जिंकोनि डाव करीं । टाहो सत्ता आणिकांवरी ॥५॥ सांपडोनि डाईं बहु । काळ गुंतलासी ॥६॥ बळिया गडी फळी । फोडी न धरितां त्यांसी ॥७॥ चुकांडी जो खाय मिळोनि अंगीं जाय । गुंतलासी काय तुका म्हणे अझूनी ॥८॥

Literal translation

English: Look back-and-forth — manage the two places; the comrade who slips — save the comrades. Turn the daṇḍā at both ends — alert the comrades; with the meeting — the round (falls) on you. Distribute the comrades to comrades; whose (one) is released — in that place hold. With greater strength — what will (he) do? — you must give the head (if needed). In the new-house — make the steps; whoever is found — hold there. Conquer the turn — cry-out command over others. Caught in the trap — much time you have been stuck. The strong comrade breaks the formation — without holding them. Whoever escapes — joins (back) on (your) body. Tuka says: still stuck — why?

मराठी: मागें पुढें पाहें — सांभाळूनि दोनी ठायचुकावूनि जाय गडी — राखे गडियांसि. मुरडे दंडा दोहीं तोंडें — गडियां सावध करीभेटतियासंगे तया हाल तुजवरी. गडियां गडी वांटुनि देई — ज्याचा सोडी तेचि ठायीं. अगळ्या बळें करील काय — तुज देणें लागे डोय. नवां घरीं पाउला करीं — सांपडे तो तेथें धरीं. जिंकोनि डाव करीं — टाहो सत्ता आणिकांवरी. सांपडोनि डाईं बहु काळ गुंतलासी. बळिया गडी फळी फोडी — न धरितां त्यांसी. चुकांडी जो खाय मिळोनि अंगीं जाय — गुंतलासी काय तुकाराम म्हणतात — अझूनी.

Word-by-word gloss
Marathi Meaning
मागें पुढें पाहें "look back-and-forth"
सांभाळूनि दोनी ठाय "managing the two places"
चुकावूनि जाय गडी राखे गडियांसि "the comrade who slips — save the comrades"
मुरडे दंडा दोहीं तोंडें "turn the daṇḍā (staff / arm) at both ends"
गडियां सावध करी "alert the comrades"
भेटतियासंगे तया हाल तुजवरी "with the meeting — the hāla (round) on you"
गडियां गडी वांटुनि देई "distribute the comrades to comrades"
ज्याचा सोडी तेचि ठायीं "whose (one) is released, in that place hold"
अगळ्या बळें करील काय "with agaḷē (strange / greater) strength — what will (he) do?"
तुज देणें लागे डोय "(if needed) you must give the ḍōya (head / leadership)"
नवां घरीं पाउला करीं "in the new-house — make the pāulā (steps)"
सांपडे तो तेथें धरीं "whoever is found — hold there"
जिंकोनि डाव करीं "conquer the ḍāva (turn)"
टाहो सत्ता आणिकांवरी "ṭāhō sattā (cry-out command) over others"
सांपडोनि डाईं बहु काळ गुंतलासी "caught in the ḍāī (trap), much kāḷa (time) you have been stuck"
बळिया गडी फळी फोडी "the strong comrade breaks the phaḷī (formation)"
न धरितां त्यांसी "without holding them"
चुकांडी जो खाय मिळोनि अंगीं जाय "whoever escapes — joins (back) on (your) body"
गुंतलासी काय तुका म्हणे अझूनी "Tuka says — (you are) still stuck — why?"

What it means

A long band-game tactical manual abhang. Eight tactical-rules in eight verses, building toward a final question. Five themes:

  1. Look-both-ways and manage two places (verse 1) — māgēm pudhēm pāhē, sāmbhāḷūnī dōnī ṭhāya. The first rule: bilateral attention. (Compare 174's māgēm pudhēm pāhē to jinkē — he-who-looks-both-ways wins.)

  2. Save the slipping-comrade (verse 1) — cukāvūnī jāya gaḍī, rākhē gaḍiyāñsi. The protection-rule: when a comrade slips (cukāvūnī = misses, slips, deviates), save the comrades (the band-as-whole, not just the slipping-individual). The band-protection takes precedence.

  3. Distribute the comrades; release-and-hold-in-place (verses 2-3) — gaḍiyām gaḍī vāṇṭuni deī; jyāchā soḍī tēci ṭhāyīm. The assignment-rule: distribute roles; whoever is released (= takes a particular sub-role) is held in that place. Don't shuffle mid-game.

  4. Greater-strength → give the head (verse 4) — agaḷyā baḷē karīla kāya, tuja deṇē lāgē ḍōya. When facing greater strength, give the head / leadership — i.e., concede leadership in this round if necessary. Pride is a tactical-error in band-games.

  5. Conquer-and-command (verse 5) — jinkonī ḍāva karī, ṭāhō sattā āṇikāmvarī. After conquering, take command over others. The win-cycle: win, command, hold the gains.

  6. Closing question (verses 6-8) — sāmpaḍoni ḍāī bahu kāḷa gumtalāsī... gumtalāsī kāya tukā mhaṇē azhūnī. You've been stuck-in-the-trap a long time... Tuka says: still stuck — why? The closing-question turns the tactical-manual into a self-examination: given all these rules, why are you still stuck?

The implication: the rules are available; if you are still stuck, the issue is not the unavailability of rules but some failure of application. [T]

For someone today

This abhang is a tactical-manual disguised in folk-game-imagery:

  1. Look-both-ways always. Bilateral attention — what's behind, what's ahead — is foundational.

  2. Save the slipping-comrade — band over individual. When a comrade misses, the move is protect the band, not abandon the slipper or rescue-only-them. Rākhē gaḍiyāñsisave the band-of-comrades.

  3. Bilateral-action with the daṇḍā. Turn at both ends, alert the comrades. Don't act one-directionally; alert in both directions.

  4. Assign and hold* roles. Whoever is released, in that place hold. No mid-game role-shuffling*. Stability of assignment is part of the discipline.

  5. Concede leadership against greater-strength. Tuja deṇē lāgē ḍōya. Pride that refuses to concede is a tactical-error. Sometimes the right-move is give the head for this round.

  6. New-house: make the steps; hold whoever is found. When entering new-territory, establish the steps (the foothold), and hold whoever is encountered. Don't rush past.

  7. Conquer-and-command — but don't dwell-in-the-trap. After winning, take command over others. But if you find yourself long-stuck-in-the-trap, the question is why. Tukā mhaṇē — gumtalāsī kāya azhūnīTuka says: still stuck, why?

For today: when navigating a strategic-game (work, relationship, project, community-management) — these tactical-rules apply. If you are long-stuck, the question is why — given that the rules are available.

मराठी: ही ओवी folk-game-imagery मध्ये tactical-manual आहे:

  1. नेहमी मागे-पुढे पाहा. Bilateral attention — मागे काय, पुढे काय — foundational.

  2. Slipping-comrade ला वाचवा — व्यक्तीपेक्षा band. Comrade miss झाला — हालचाल band protect करा, slipper abandon किंवा फक्त-त्याला-rescue नाही. राखे गडियांसिband-of-comrades वाचवा.

  3. Daṇḍā दोन्ही टोकांनी bilateral-action. दोन्ही टोकांनी turn करा, comrades alert करा. एका-दिशेने act करू नका; दोन्ही दिशांना alert करा.

  4. Roles assign करा आणि hold* करा. जो release झाला, त्या ठिकाणी hold करा. Mid-game role-shuffling नाही*. Assignment-stability discipline चा भाग.

  5. Greater-strength विरुद्ध leadership concede करा. तुज देणें लागे डोय. Pride जो concede करायला नकार देतो — tactical-error. कधी कधी योग्य-हालचाल या round साठी head द्या.

  6. New-house: steps करा; जो सापडतो ती-ठिकाणी hold करा. New-territory मध्ये जाताना — steps (foothold) establish करा, आणि जो भेटेल त्याला hold करा. Rush past नाही.

  7. Conquer-and-command — पण trap-मध्ये dwell नका. Win नंतर — इतरांवर command. पण long-stuck-in-the-trap — प्रश्न का. तुका म्हणे — गुंतलासी काय अझूनीTuka म्हणतो: अजूनही stuck, का?

आज: strategic-game navigate करताना (work, relationship, project, community-management) — हे tactical-rules लागू. Long-stuck असाल — प्रश्न का — rules available असताना.

Where this applies

Related verses