संत साहित्य
Work in progress. Translations and commentary are AI-generated and may contain inaccuracies or hallucinations — please use your own judgement and check against the original sources.
संत साहित्य · Tukārām · Abhanga 276 of 4582

Abhanga 276

This abhang names the adhama-mode with three diagnostics:

When you've encountered someone who praises to face but back-bites — and you have to recognize this adhama-mode
When the sweet-food rolls to naraka through the rectum — and you accept this karma-image
When the scorpion strains without gain — and you receive this critique

The verse

जेणें मुखें स्तवी । तें चि निंदे पाठीं लावी ॥१॥ ऐसी अधमाची याती । लोपी सोनें खाय माती ॥ध्रु.॥ गुदद्वारा वाटे । मिष्टान्नांचा नरक लोटे ॥२॥ विंचु लाभाविण । तुका म्हणे वाहे शीण ॥३॥

Literal translation

English: Whose mouth praises — (then) back-bites the same one. Such is the adhama's nature: hides gold — eats dirt. Through the guda-dvāra, the miṣṭānna rolls to naraka. Tuka says: the scorpion — without gain — just carries the śiṇa.

मराठी: जेणें मुखें स्तवी — तें चि निंदे पाठीं लावी. ऐसी अधमाची याती — लोपी सोनें खाय माती. गुदद्वारा वाटे — मिष्टान्नांचा नरक लोटे. विंचु लाभाविण — तुकाराम म्हणतात — वाहे शीण.

Word-by-word gloss
Marathi Meaning
जेणें मुखें स्तवी "the mouth by-which (he) praises"
तें चि निंदे पाठीं लावी "that very (one) — back-bites — applies nindā** (to the back)"
ऐसी अधमाची याती "such is the adhama (low-one)'s yāti (nature / kind)"
लोपी सोनें खाय माती "hides gold — eats māti (dirt)"
गुदद्वारा वाटे "through the guda-dvāra (rectum)"
मिष्टान्नांचा नरक लोटे "the miṣṭānna (sweet-food) — rolls — to naraka"
विंचु लाभाविण "the vimcu (scorpion) — without gain"
तुका म्हणे वाहे शीण "Tuka says: just carries the śiṇa (strain)"

What it means

A two-tongued anti-hypocrisy abhang. Three image-clusters:

  1. जेणें मुखें स्तवी — तें चि निंदे पाठीं लावीthe mouth that praises — back-bites the same. The praise-then-bite-back pattern. Stuti-and-nindā for the same person. Mouth-praise + back-nindā is the adhama's signature.

  2. ऐसी अधमाची याती — लोपी सोनें खाय मातीsuch is the adhama's nature: hides gold, eats dirt. The value-inversion image. Gold (real value) is hidden (= suppressed, denied, stolen); dirt (worthlessness) is eaten (= consumed, prized). The adhama prefers and consumes the worthless while suppressing the valuable.

  3. गुदद्वारा वाटे — मिष्टान्नांचा नरक लोटेthrough the rectum, the sweet-food rolls to naraka. The digestion-failure image. The sweet-food eaten (= the valuable input received) — instead of being absorbed and nourishingpasses through the rectum to the naraka of refuse. The adhama's input-output is corrupted: he receives the sweet but produces the refuse.

  4. विंचु लाभाविण — वाहे शीणthe scorpion — without gain — just carries the śiṇa (strain). The closing image. The scorpion is poisonous-and-strained-by-its-own-nature; its activity produces no gain for itself. The adhama's two-tongued activity — like the scorpion — produces no gain but carries the strain. The back-biting is its own punishment.

[T]

For someone today

This abhang names the adhama-mode with three diagnostics:

  1. Praise-then-bite-back is the signature. Jeṇē mukhē stavī — tē chi nindē pāṭhī lāvī. If you find someone who praises you to face and then bites you in your absence, that is the adhama-mode. (And — check yourself: am I doing this to others?)

  2. Hides gold, eats dirt — value-inversion. Lōpī sōnē, khāya māti. The adhama prefers the worthless and suppresses the valuable. Notice this in self and others: what is valued? what is suppressed? The value-pattern reveals adhama-ness.

  3. Sweet-food becomes refuse-naraka through the digestion. Even good-input fails to nourish in the adhama. The digestive-corruption is structural; the adhama cannot benefit from the sweet. (This is important: don't assume the good-input you give will be absorbed; check whether the digestion is intact.)

  4. The scorpion strains without gain. The two-tongued activity is its own punishment. The adhama is already-suffering by being-adhama. Don't pity-or-pursue the adhama; the scorpion-state is the karma-already-arriving.

For today: recognize the praise-then-bite-back signature; check the value-pattern (gold-hidden, dirt-eaten); don't assume the good-input is absorbed; recognize the adhama-state as already-self-punishing.

This abhang is important psychologically: it gives three diagnostics for the adhama-mode that work for self-and-other recognition.

मराठी: ही ओवी adhama-mode तीन diagnostics सह नाव सांगते:

  1. Praise-then-bite-back signature. जेणें मुखें स्तवी — तें चि निंदे पाठीं लावी. कोणी तोंडावर praise आणि अनुपस्थितीत bite करतो — adhama-mode. (आणि — स्वतः check करा: मी इतरांशी असं करतोय का?)

  2. सोनं लपवतं, माती खातं — value-inversion. लोपी सोनें, खाय माती. Adhama worthless prefer करतो आणि valuable suppress करतो. स्वतः आणि इतरांमध्ये notice करा: काय valued? काय suppressed? Value-pattern adhama-ness reveal करतो.

  3. Sweet-food digestion मधून refuse-naraka होतं. Adhama मध्ये good-input nourish करायला fail होतं. Digestive-corruption structural; adhama sweet चा benefit घेऊ शकत नाही. Good-input absorb होईल असं गृहीत धरू नका; digestion intact आहे का check करा.

  4. विंचु gain शिवाय strains. Two-tongued activity स्वतःचंच punishment. Adhama already-suffering by being-adhama. Adhama वर pity-or-pursue करू नका; scorpion-state karma-already-arriving.

आज: praise-then-bite-back signature ओळखा; value-pattern check करा (gold-hidden, dirt-eaten); good-input absorb होईल असं गृहीत धरू नका; adhama-state already-self-punishing ओळखा.

Where this applies

Related verses