संत साहित्य
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संत साहित्य · Tukārām · Abhanga 282 of 4582

Abhanga 282

This abhang names the structure of forgiveness-and-boundary:

When you've been forgiving past not-knowing and now setting the sīmā — and you have to recognize this register
When par-nārī-gamana has the mother-mating-taboo equivalence — and you accept this gravity
When mana-not-in-hand-after-upadeśa is unforgivable — and you receive this rule

The verse

मागें नेणपणें घडलें तें क्षमा । आतां देतों सीमा करूनियां ॥१॥ परनारीचें जया घडलें गमन । दावीतो वदन जननीरत ॥ध्रु.॥ उपदेशा वरी मन नाहीं हातीं । तो आम्हां पुढती पाहूं नये ॥२॥ तुका म्हणे साक्षी असों द्यावें मन । घातली ते आण पाळावया ॥३॥

Literal translation

English: Past not-knowing — forgive. Now I make a sīmā. He to whom par-nārī-gamana has happened — shows the vadana of jananī-rata. He whose mana is not in his hand after the upadeśa — don't see (him) again. Tuka says: let the mana be the witness; the āṇa was taken to keep.

मराठी: मागें नेणपणें घडलें तें क्षमा — आतां देतों सीमा करूनियां. परनारीचें जया घडलें गमन — दावीतो वदन जननीरत. उपदेशा वरी मन नाहीं हातीं — तो आम्हां पुढती पाहूं नये. तुकाराम म्हणतात — साक्षी असों द्यावें मन — घातली ते आण पाळावया.

Word-by-word gloss
Marathi Meaning
मागें नेणपणें घडलें तें क्षमा "past — by neṇa-paṇa (not-knowing) — what happened — forgive**"
आतां देतों सीमा करूनियां "now I make a sīmā (boundary)"
परनारीचें जया घडलें गमन "he to whom par-nārīcē gamana has happened"
दावीतो वदन जननीरत "shows the face of jananī-rata (one mating with mother)"
उपदेशा वरी मन नाहीं हातीं "after the upadeśa — the mana not in hand"
तो आम्हां पुढती पाहूं नये "don't see (him) forwards (= again)"
साक्षी असों द्यावें मन "let the mana be the sākṣī (witness)"
घातली ते आण पाळावया "the āṇa (vow / oath) was taken — to keep"

What it means

A sīmā-setting abhang. Four claims:

  1. मागें नेणपणें घडलें तें क्षमाpast not-knowing — forgive. The past-forgiveness. Where not-knowing (neṇa-paṇa) caused failures, forgive. (Compare 258's Hari does not remember the past.)

  2. आतां देतों सीमा करूनियांnow I make a sīmā (boundary). After-forgiveness, the bhakta sets the boundary. Forgiveness of past + boundary for future.

  3. परनारीचें जया घडलें गमन — दावीतो वदन जननीरतpar-nārī-gamana = mother-mating-equivalence. The gravity-claim. Going-to-another-woman (= adultery) is equivalent to mating with the mother. The mother-incest taboo is the highest classical taboo; par-nārī-gamana is at the same level. (Compare 275's equal-seat-with-pūjya = mother-mating; the mother-mating taboo is the gravity-marker for highest-level violations.)

  4. उपदेशा वरी मन नाहीं हातीं — तो आम्हां पुढती पाहूं नयेafter the upadeśa, mana not in hand — don't see again. The unforgivable: not the past-failure (forgivable), but the post-upadeśa repeat. If upadeśa was given and the mana is still-not-in-hand (= the person continues the failure-pattern), don't see them forwards. Past-forgiveness has the limit of post-upadeśa-non-change.

  5. तुका म्हणे साक्षी असों द्यावें मन — घातली ते आण पाळावयाlet the mana be the witness; the āṇa was taken to keep. The closing-rule. Self-witnessing by manathe mana watches itself. And the āṇa (vow / oath) was taken — to keep. Don't take the āṇa lightly; the vow is for keeping, not for breaking.

[T]

For someone today

This abhang names the structure of forgiveness-and-boundary:

  1. Past not-knowing is forgivable. Mage neṇa-paṇē ghaḍilē tē kṣamā. When failure was due to not-knowing, forgiveness is the right-response. (Compare 258 anutāpa with hari-smaraṇa frees; the past is dispatchable.)

  2. Now make the sīmā. Ātām dētō sīmā. After-forgiveness, set the boundary for future. Forgiveness without sīmā leaves no protection from repetition.

  3. Par-nārī-gamana = mother-mating. This is a strong gender-ethics claim. Adultery is at the highest taboo-level. The mother-incest taboo is the gravity-marker for the seriousness of par-nārī-gamana. Don't moderate this; the gravity is the same as mother-incest.

  4. Post-upadeśa-non-change is unforgivable. Upadeśā varī mana nāhīm hātīm. If upadeśa was given and the mana is still-not-in-hand, don't see them again. The forgivable is the not-knowing; the unforgivable is the post-knowing-non-change.

  5. Mana is the witness; the vow is for keeping. Sākṣī asōm dyāvē mana. Self-witnessing is the internal-mechanism. And the vow (āṇa) is for keeping, not for breaking.

For today: forgive past not-knowing (in self and others); set the sīmā for the future; recognize the gravity of par-nārī-gamana = mother-mating; don't continue with one-whose-mana-isn't-in-hand-after-upadeśa; make the mana the witness; keep the vow.

This is important methodologically: the forgiveness + sīmā couple is the complete-shape. Forgiveness alone leaves you unprotected from repetition; sīmā alone is unforgiving. Both together.

The gender-ethics claim (par-nārī = mother-mating) is important and counter-cultural: it does not take adultery as a moderate-taboo; it places it at the highest-classical-taboo level.

मराठी: ही ओवी forgiveness-and-boundary चं structure नाव सांगते:

  1. Past not-knowing forgivable. मागें नेणपणें घडलें तें क्षमा. Failure not-knowing-मुळे होतीforgiveness right-response.

  2. आता sīmā* बनवा. आतां देतों सीमा. After-forgiveness, future साठी boundary set करा. Sīmā शिवाय forgiveness* repetition पासून protection देत नाही.

  3. Par-nārī-gamana = mother-mating. Strong gender-ethics claim. Adultery highest taboo-level वर. Mother-incest taboo gravity-marker. Moderate करू नका; gravity mother-incest सारखी.

  4. Post-upadeśa-non-change unforgivable. उपदेशा वरी मन नाहीं हातीं. Upadeśa दिला आणि mana अजून-not-in-handपुन्हा पाहू नका. Forgivable not-knowing; unforgivable post-knowing-non-change.

  5. Mana witness; vow keep करायला. साक्षी असों द्यावें मन. Self-witnessing internal-mechanism. आणि vow keep करायला, break नाही.

आज: past not-knowing forgive करा (स्वतः आणि इतरांमध्ये); future साठी sīmā set करा; par-nārī-gamana = mother-mating gravity ओळखा; post-upadeśa-mana-not-in-hand असलेल्याशी continue करू नका; mana ला witness बनवा; vow keep करा.

Methodologically महत्त्वाचं: forgiveness + sīmā couple complete-shape. Forgiveness alone repetition पासून unprotected ठेवतं; sīmā alone unforgiving. दोन्ही एकत्र.

Gender-ethics claim (par-nārī = mother-mating) महत्त्वाचा आणि counter-cultural: adultery moderate-taboo म्हणून घेत नाही; highest-classical-taboo level वर ठेवतं.

Where this applies

Related verses