संत साहित्य
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संत साहित्य · Tukārām · Abhanga 407 of 4582

Abhanga 407

This abhang names the deva-piśā-udārā register:

When Hari-loving fickle-women don't reach Him head-on but obliquely — and you have to recognize this register
When Sarvōttama enjoys His enjoyer with all the body — and you accept this dual-enjoyment
When the deva is mad and generous — and you receive this paradoxical address

The verse

हरिरता चपळा नारी । लागवरी न रिघती ॥१॥ अवघ्या अंगें सर्वोत्तम । भोगी काम भोगता ॥ध्रु.॥ वाचा वाच्यत्वासि न ये । कोठें काय करावें ॥२॥ तुका म्हणे देवा ऐशा । देवपिशा उदारा ॥३॥

Literal translation

English: Hari-rata cāpaḷa-nārī — don't reach in lāgavarī. With entire body — Sarvōttama — enjoys His enjoyer. Speech doesn't come to vācyatva — where, what to do? Tuka says: such devadeva-piśā udārā.

मराठी: हरिरता चपळा नारी — लागवरी न रिघती. अवघ्या अंगें सर्वोत्तम — भोगी काम भोगता. वाचा वाच्यत्वासि न ये — कोठें काय करावें. तुकाराम म्हणतां — देवा ऐशा देवपिशा उदारा.

Word-by-word gloss
Marathi Meaning
हरिरता चपळा नारी "Hari-rata cāpaḷa-nārī (Hari-loving fickle-women)"
लागवरी न रिघती "don't reach in lāgavarī (head-on)"
अवघ्या अंगें सर्वोत्तम "with the entire body — Sarvōttama"
भोगी काम भोगता "enjoys — His enjoyer"
वाचा वाच्यत्वासि न ये "speech — doesn't come to vācyatva"
कोठें काय करावें "where, what to do?"
देवा ऐशा देवपिशा उदारा "to such devadeva-piśā (deva-mad), udārā (generous)"

What it means

A short deva-piśā-udārā (deva-mad-generous) abhang. Four claims:

  1. हरिरता चपळा नारी — लागवरी न रिघतीHari-loving fickle-women — don't reach in lāgavarī. The opening-paradox: the Hari-loving fickle-women (gōpīs)do not reach Him in lāgavarī (head-on, directly). They reach obliquely; not by direct-approach. Bhakti often goes side-on, not head-on.

  2. अवघ्या अंगें सर्वोत्तम — भोगी काम भोगताwith the entire body — Sarvōttama — enjoys His enjoyer. The enjoyment-claim: with the entire body, the Sarvōttama (All-Best, deva) — enjoys His enjoyer. The deva is enjoyer-of-the-bhakta and the bhakta is enjoyer-of-the-deva, simultaneously. Reciprocal-bhōga.

  3. वाचा वाच्यत्वासि न ये — कोठें काय करावेंspeech doesn't come to vācyatva — where, what to do? The ineffability-claim: speech does not come to vācyatva (sayability); where, what to do? (Compare 398 gōḍa lāgē parī sāngatām ci na yē; same ineffability claim.)

  4. तुका म्हणे देवा ऐशा — देवपिशा उदाराTuka says: to such deva — deva-piśā udārā. The closing-paradoxical-address: to such a deva — deva-piśā (the deva-as-mad), udārā (generous). The deva is mad-and-generous; the bhakta sees both qualities at once.

[T]

For someone today

This abhang names the deva-piśā-udārā register:

  1. Hari-loving women don't reach Him head-on. Hari-rata cāpaḷa-nārī — lāgavarī na righatī. Bhakti-approach is often oblique, not direct. Don't expect to reach the deva head-on.

  2. Sarvōttama enjoys His enjoyer. Avaghyām angē Sarvōttama — bhōgī kāma bhōgatā. The deva-bhakta enjoyment is reciprocal; both enjoy each other. Don't think of bhakti as one-way.

  3. Speech does not come to vācyatva*. Vācā vācyatvāsi na yē. Some bhakti-experience cannot be made sayable; the ineffable remains. Don't try to make it sayable*.

  4. The deva is piśā (mad) and udārā* (generous). Dēva-piśā udārā. Don't expect rational-deva; He is mad-with-love and generous. The mad-generosity is the deva's signature*.

For today: don't seek head-on reach to the deva; accept reciprocal-bhōga between deva and bhakta; let some experience be ineffable; recognize the deva as mad-and-generous.

This abhang is short-and-paradox-saturated: the four claims pack the deva-bhakta relationship into a compact paradoxical-frame.

मराठी: ही ओवी deva-piśā-udārā register नाव सांगते:

  1. Hari-loving women head-on त्याच्यापर्यंत पोहोचत नाहीत. हरिरता चपळा नारी — लागवरी न रिघती. Bhakti-approach सहसा oblique, direct नाही. Deva ला head-on reach करायची expect नका.

  2. Sarvōttama त्याच्या enjoyer ला enjoy करतो. अवघ्या अंगें सर्वोत्तम — भोगी काम भोगता. Deva-bhakta enjoyment reciprocal; दोघेही एकमेकांना enjoy करतात. Bhakti one-way म्हणून think नका*.

  3. Speech vācyatva* पर्यंत येत नाही. वाचा वाच्यत्वासि न ये. काही bhakti-experience sayable होऊ शकत नाही; Ineffable राहतं. Sayable करायचा प्रयत्न नका*.

  4. Deva piśā (mad) आणि udārā* (generous). देवपिशा उदारा. Rational-deva expect नका; तो mad-with-love आणि generous. Mad-generosity देवाची signature*.

आज: Deva कडे head-on reach शोधू नका; Deva आणि bhakta मध्ये reciprocal-bhōga accept करा; काही experience ineffable असू द्या; Deva ला mad-and-generous म्हणून ओळखा.

Short-and-paradox-saturated: चार claims deva-bhakta relationship ला compact paradoxical-frame मध्ये pack करतात.

Where this applies

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