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संत साहित्य · Tukārām · Abhanga 833 of 4582

Abhanga 833

English: Jīva — knowing — by-this-name — āvaḍī.

When knowing the jīva is by-the-name āvaḍī; the stubborn drags amangaḷa — and you have to recognize this register
When citta-constriction prevents anything; the foolish's extreme cāra — and you accept this image
When without time, nothing relishes; the sankēta is set-aside — and you allow this image

The verse

जीवींचें जाणावें या नांवें आवडी । हेंकड तें ओढी अमंगळ ॥१॥ चित्तीच्या संकोचें कांहीं च न घडे । अतिशयें वेडे चार तो चि ॥ध्रु.॥ काळाविण कांहीं नाहीं रुचों येत । करूनि संकेत ठेवियेला ॥२॥ तुका म्हणे कळे वचनें चांचणी । काय बोलवूनि वेळोवेळां ॥३॥

Literal translation

English: Jīva — knowing — by-this-name — āvaḍī. Hēnkaḍa — pulls — amangaḷa. Citta-sankōca — nothing — happens. Extreme — vēḍēcāra. Without-kāḷa — nothing — ruci. Making — sankēta — set-aside. Tuka says: known — by-vacanacāñcaṇī. What — speaking — again-and-again.

मराठी: (दुसऱ्याच्या) जीवींचं जाणणं — हें-च नांव आवडी. हेंकड (हट्टी) तेच अमंगळाला ओढतो. चित्ताच्या संकोचानं कांहीं घडत नाहीं — अतिशयें (तीव्र) वेड्यांचा चार. काळाविण कांहीं रुचत नाहीं — संकेत करून ठेवला (बाजूला). Tuka म्हणे: वचनांच्या चांचणीनं कळतं — वेळो-वेळां बोलवून काय?.

Word-by-word gloss
Marathi Meaning
जीवींचें जाणावें या नांवें आवडी "jīva's — knowing — by-this-name — āvaḍī"
हेंकड तें ओढी अमंगळ "hēnkaḍa — pulls — amangaḷa"
चित्तीच्या संकोचें कांहीं च न घडे "citta-sankōca — nothing — happens"
अतिशयें वेडे चार तो चि "extreme — vēḍēcāra"
काळाविण कांहीं नाहीं रुचों येत "without-kāḷa — nothing — ruci"
करूनि संकेत ठेवियेला "making — sankēta — set-aside"
कळे वचनें चांचणी "known — by-vacanacāñcaṇī (test)"
काय बोलवूनि वेळोवेळां "what — speaking — again-and-again"

What it means

A knowing-jīva-by-āvaḍī-stubborn-pulls-amangaḷa-citta-constriction-nothing-happens-foolish's-extreme-cāra-no-time-no-ruci-sankēta-set-aside-words-test-knows-no-need-to-repeat abhang. Words-test-knows-the-person register. Four claims:

  1. जीवींचें-जाणणं-आवडी — हेंकड-अमंगळ-ओढी. Knowing-jīva-by-āvaḍī-claim. Knowing the jīva of (another) — by-this-name (= what we-call-this) is āvaḍī (love, the affectionate-knowing-of-the-other's-jīva); the hēnkaḍa (stubborn / obstinate / contrary) — that one pulls (drags) toward amangaḷa (in-auspiciousness). Knowing-jīva-of-other = āvaḍī; stubborn-drags-toward-amangaḷa. (The opposition: āvaḍī knows-the-jīva; hēnkaḍa* pulls-toward-amangaḷa.)

  2. चित्त-संकोचें-कांहीं-घडत-नाहीं — अतिशयें-वेडे-चार. Citta-constriction-nothing-happens-claim. With the sankōca (constriction, contraction) of the *citta, nothing-at-all happens; the cāra (the way / the fodder-grazing — of the vēḍē = the foolish) is *atiśayē (excessive, extreme). Citta-constriction-blocks-everything; foolish's-cāra-is-extreme. (Two-related-warnings: when citta is sankucita (contracted), nothing-can-happen; the vēḍa* (foolishness) gets-its-cāra (food, way) by going-to-extremes.)

  3. काळाविण-कांहीं-रुचत-नाहीं — संकेत-ठेवला. No-time-no-ruci-sankēta-set-aside-claim. Without the kāḷa (time, the right-season), nothing comes to-ruci (relish, savor); having made the *sankēta (the signal, the marker), (the matter) was set-aside (i.e., put-on-hold until-the-time-comes). No-relish-without-time; sankēta-set-aside-pending-time. (Two-pronged: the right-season (kāḷa) is needed for ruci; the sankēta* (the marker that signals when-time-arrives) is set-aside until-then.)

  4. Tuka: वचन-चांचणीनं-कळे — वेळो-वेळां-बोलवून-काय. Words-test-knows-claim. Tuka says: (a person) is known by vacana *cāñcaṇī (the words-test); what's the use of bōlavūni (causing-to-speak / making-them-speak) vēḷō-vēḷām (again-and-again)? One-test-of-words is enough; no-need-to-keep-asking-them-to-speak. (Closing-discernment-claim: the vacana-cāñcaṇī* (the test by their words) reveals the person; you don't need to repeat the test.)

[T]

For someone today

This abhang names the words-test-knows-the-person register:

  1. Knowing the jīva is āvaḍī; the stubborn pulls amangaḷa. Āvaḍī-vs-stubborn.

  2. Citta-constriction prevents anything; the foolish's extreme cāra. Constriction-and-extreme.

  3. Without time, no ruci; the sankēta is set-aside. Time-and-sankēta.

  4. Words-test knows the person; no need to keep speaking. Words-test.

For today: knowing another's jīva (which we call āvaḍī) is the way; the hēnkaḍa (stubborn) drags amangaḷa; with citta-sankōca (constriction-of-citta), nothing-happens; the cāra of the foolish is excessive; without kāḷa nothing comes to ruci; the sankēta is set-aside (until time-arrives); (a person) is known by vacana-cāñcaṇīthe words-testwhat's-the-use of asking again-and-again?.

This abhang is Tukaram's words-test-knows-the-person registerone of the most-precise discernment-statements. Compare 0827 sankēta-known-and-distinguishing-judgment (Tuka's mudra); same distinguishing-judgment but here organized around citta-sankōca, kāḷa-and-sankēta, and vacana-cāñcaṇī. The kāya bōlavūni vēḷō-vēḷām (what's-the-use of speaking-again-and-again) is the precise discernment-saving-time-image*.

मराठी: ही ओवी words-test-knows-the-person register नाव सांगते:

  1. जीवींचें-जाणणं-आवडी; हेंकड-अमंगळ. Āvaḍī-vs-stubborn.

  2. चित्त-संकोच; वेडे-चार. Constriction-and-extreme.

  3. काळाविण-रुची-नाहीं; संकेत-ठेवला. Time-and-sankēta.

  4. वचन-चांचणी; पुन्हा-नको. Words-test.

आज: दुसऱ्याच्या jīva-ला knowing — हें-च āvaḍī; Hēnkaḍa (stubborn) amangaḷa drags; Citta-sankōca-नं nothing-happens; foolish-च्या cāra extreme; Kāḷa विना ruci नाहीं; sankēta set-aside; Vacana-cāñcaṇī-नं person कळतो — पुन्हा-पुन्हा बोलवून काय?.

Tukaram च-words-test-knows-the-person-registerMost-precise discernment-statements पैकी एक. 0827 sankēta-known-and-distinguishing-judgment (Tuka mudra) compare; तीच distinguishing-judgment पण इथे citta-sankōca, kāḷa-and-sankēta, आणि vacana-cāñcaṇī च्या मार्गाने. Kāya bōlavūni vēḷō-vēḷām precise discernment-saving-time-image.

Where this applies

Related verses