संत साहित्य
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संत साहित्य · Tukārām · Abhanga 1292 of 4582

Abhanga 1292

For today: selling puṇya is mātṛ-gamana; lover-of-viṣayas is self-killer; you traded the parisa for a kāñca-vaṭi — the hands are brushed-off in paratra.

When you'd sell puṇya for hire-money — Tuka says that's mātṛ-gamana; you've given the parisa for a kāñca-vaṭi

The verse

पुण्यविकरा तें मातेचें गमन । भाडी ऐसें धन विटाळ तो ॥१॥ आत्महत्यारा हा विषयांचा लोभी । म्हणावें तें नाभी करवी दंड ॥ध्रु.॥ नागवला अल्प लोभाचिये साटीं । घेऊनि कांचवटि परिस दिला ॥२॥ तुका म्हणे हात झाडिले परत्रीं । श्रम तो चि श्रोत्रीं वेठी केली ॥३॥

Literal translation

English: Selling puṇya is mātṛ-gamana — such bhāḍī is viṭāḷa-dhana. (This) lover-of-viṣayas is a self-killer — say that — the navel brings on the daṇḍa. Became stripped-naked for a small lōbha — taking glass, gave away the parisa. Tuka says: the hands have been brushed-off in paratra — the śrama itself was vēṭhī for the scripture-follower.

मराठी: पुण्य विकणें — हें मातेचें गमन (माता-गमन — सर्वांत मोठें पाप); — असें भाडी (मोबदला) म्हणून मिळालेलें धन — विटाळ-च तें. हा विषयांचा लोभी — आत्म-हत्यारा-च — असें म्हणावें — नाभीच (केंद्र) त्याला दंड घडवीते. अल्प लोभा-साठीं — नागवला — कांच-वटि (कांच-तुकडा) घेऊन — परिस दिला. Tukā म्हणे — परत्रीं हात झाडले गेले — श्रोत्रीं (शास्त्र-पाठका-साठीं) तो श्रम — वेठी-च (फुकट-कामा-च) झाला.

Word-by-word gloss
Marathi Meaning
पुण्यविकरा तें मातेचें गमन "selling-puṇya is mātṛ-gamana (mother-incest)"
भाडी ऐसें धन विटाळ तो "such bhāḍī (hire-money) — that dhana is viṭāḷa (impurity)"
आत्महत्यारा हा विषयांचा लोभी "(this) lover-of-viṣayas — is an ātma-hatyārā (self-killer)"
म्हणावें तें नाभी करवी दंड "say that — the nābhī (the navel — itself, the centre) brings on the daṇḍa (punishment)"
नागवला अल्प लोभाचिये साटीं "became nāgavalā (stripped-naked) for a small lōbha"
घेऊनि कांचवटि परिस दिला "taking a kāñca-vaṭi (glass-piece) — gave away the parisa (philosopher's stone)"
हात झाडिले परत्रीं "the hands have been jhāḍilē (washed-off / dusted-off) at paratra (the next world)"
श्रम तो चि श्रोत्रीं वेठी केली "the śrama itself — was vēṭhī (forced labor) — for the śrōtrī (scripture-follower)"

What it means

Anti-puṇya-vikraya abhang. The opening equation is among Tukaram's most severe: puṇya-vikarā tē mātēcē gamanaselling puṇya is mātṛ-gamana (mother-incest). The reasoning: puṇya is something one acquires through tapas, dāna, sevā — through the māta-bhāva of gentle nurture. To then sell this puṇya (e.g., as a paid bhakti-performer or a kṛtva-merchant) is to violate the māta-bhāva. The same equation as 1263 (stage-acting gōpīs as mātṛ-gamana).

The middle image is one of Tukaram's most-quoted: nāgavalā alpa lōbhāciyē sāṭīm — ghē'ūnī kāñca-vaṭi parisa dilābecame naked for a small lōbha — taking a glass-piece (kāñca-vaṭi), gave away the parisa (philosopher's stone). The parisa (touchstone-stone said to turn iron to gold) is the scripture-tradition's symbol of the highest possible gain; the kāñca-vaṭi is a worthless glass-shard. The image: you traded the touchstone for a piece of glass.

The closing: hāta jhāḍilē paratrīm — śrama tō chi śrōtrīm vēṭhī kēlīin paratra (the other world), the hands have been (already) brushed-off — the śrama itself, for the śrōtrī (scripture-follower), was vēṭhī (forced unpaid labor). Even the scripture-followers' efforts came to vēṭhī-grade nothing.

[T]

For someone today

For today: selling puṇya is mātṛ-gamana; lover-of-viṣayas is self-killer; you traded the parisa for a kāñca-vaṭi — the hands are brushed-off in paratra.

Where this applies

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