संत साहित्य
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संत साहित्य · Tukārām · Abhanga 1437 of 4582

Abhanga 1437

For today: those without Viṭhṭhal in their speech — their words don't please me; the one totally averted from Viṭhṭhal I name enemy, not friend; the one to whom Viṭhobā's name doesn't please — know him as adhama.

When you'd sort friends from non-friends by Viṭhṭhal-loyalty — no Viṭhṭhal in speech, their words don't please; vinmukha is enemy not friend; nāma-disliker is adhama

The verse

जयाचिये वाचे नये हा विठ्ठल । त्याचे मज बोल नावडती ॥१॥ शत्रु तो म्यां केला न म्हणें आपुला । जो विन्मुख विठ्ठला सर्वभावें ॥२॥ जयासी नावडे विठोबाचें नाम । तो जाणा अधम तुका म्हणे ॥३॥

Literal translation

English: In whose vācā this Viṭhṭhala does not come — to me, his bōlā are not pleasing. That one I have made śatru — I do not say āpulā — the one vinmukha to Viṭhṭhala by sarva-bhāva. To whom Viṭhobā's nāma is not pleasing — know him adhama, Tuka says.

मराठी: जयाचिये — वाचे — नये — हा — विठ्ठल; — त्याचे — मज — बोल — नावडती. शत्रु — तो — म्यां — केला — न — म्हणें — आपुला; — जो — विन्मुख — विठ्ठला — सर्व-भावें. जयासी — नावडे — विठोबाचें — नाम; — तो — जाणा — अधम — Tukā म्हणे.

Word-by-word gloss
Marathi Meaning
जयाचिये वाचे नये हा विठ्ठल "in whose (jayāciyē) — vācā (speech) — does not come (navhē / nayē) — this Viṭhṭhala"
त्याचे मज बोल नावडती "his — to me — bōlā (words) — are not pleasing (nāvaḍatī)"
शत्रु तो म्यां केला न म्हणें आपुला "śatru (enemy) — that one — I have made (kēlā); — I do not say (n mhaṇē) — āpulā (one's own / friend)"
जो विन्मुख विठ्ठला सर्वभावें "(one) who — is vinmukha (= turned-away from / averted-from) — to Viṭhṭhala — by sarva-bhāva"
जयासी नावडे विठोबाचें नाम "to whom (jayāsī) — Viṭhobā's nāma — is not pleasing (nāvaḍē)"
तो जाणा अधम तुका म्हणे "him (tō) — know (jāṇā) — adhama (= low / base) — Tuka says"

What it means

Those-without-Viṭhṭhal-in-speech-not-friends abhang. A strict-friend-test. The opening: jayāciyē vācē navhē hā Viṭhṭhala — tyācē maja bōla nāvaḍatī(one) in whose vācā — does not come this Viṭhṭhala; — his bōlā — to me — are not pleasing. The simple test: Viṭhṭhal-in-speech. If absent, the words don't please the bhakta. (Compare 1430's Viṭhṭhalāvāñcūnī-vāṇī-nā'ikēm — no non-Viṭhṭhal-speech in ears; same theme stated as friendship-test.)

The middle: śatru tō myām kēlā na mhaṇē āpulā — jō vinmukha Viṭhṭhalā sarva-bhāvēmI have made (him) śatru (enemy); — I do not say āpulā (= one's own); — (one) who is vinmukha (turned-away) from Viṭhṭhala — by sarva-bhāva (= in every aspect). I name as enemyI refuse to name as friend — anyone vinmukha to Viṭhṭhala by all bhāva. (Strong: not just not-friend; enemy. The criterion is sarva-bhāva-vinmukha — totally-averted, not just inattentive.)

The closing verdict: jayāsī nāvaḍē Viṭhōbācēm nāma — tō jāṇā adhamato whom Viṭhobā's nāma — is not pleasing; — know him adhama (= low / base). Tuka instructs the listener: know such a person as adhama. (Compare 1434's anti-anti-nāma — those who niṣēdha nāma go to naraka; here the adhama-classification is the same register's softer-form.)

[T]

For someone today

For today: those without Viṭhṭhal in their speech — their words don't please me; the one totally averted from Viṭhṭhal I name enemy, not friend; the one to whom Viṭhobā's name doesn't please — know him as adhama.

Where this applies

Related verses