संत साहित्य
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संत साहित्य · Tukārām · Abhanga 1438 of 4582

Abhanga 1438

Chanting God's name is proof enough on its own, so say it however imperfectly, stay ready for death, and trust it as the seed at the heart of all scripture.

When you'd defend nāma against pramāṇa-pedants — only nāma is our pramāṇa; utter Hari-Hari however incoherent; this is the seed of all Purāṇas

The verse

आम्हांसी तों नाहीं आणीक प्रमाण । नामासी कारण विठोबाच्या ॥१॥ घालूनियां कास करितो कैवाड । वागों नेदीं आड किळकाळासी ॥ध्रु.॥ अबद्ध वांकडें जैशातैशा परी । वाचे हरि हरि उच्चारावें ॥२॥ तुका म्हणे आम्हां सांपडलें निज । सकळां हें बीज पुराणांचें ॥३॥

Literal translation

To us — no other pramāṇa — only nāma is the kāraṇa of Viṭhobā. Having tucked up, I make kaivāḍa — let nothing get in the way of kiḷa-kāḷa. Incoherent, crooked, howsoever — by the vācā, Hari Hari must be uttered. Tuka says: we have caught the nija — to all, this is the bīja of the Purāṇas.

मराठी: आम्हांसी — तों — नाहीं — आणीक — प्रमाण; — नामासी — कारण — विठोबाच्या. घालूनियां — कास — करितो — कैवाड; — वागों — नेदीं — आड — किळ-काळासी. अबद्ध — वांकडें — जैशा-तैशा — परी; — वाचे — हरि — हरि — उच्चारावें. Tukā म्हणे — आम्हां — सांपडलें — निज; — सकळां — हें — बीज — पुराणांचें.

Word-by-word gloss
Marathi Meaning
आम्हांसी तों नाहीं आणीक प्रमाण "to us — there is no other (āṇīka) — pramāṇa (valid-knowledge-means)"
नामासी कारण विठोबाच्या "to (the) nāmakāraṇa (= cause / sufficient-instrument) — of Viṭhobā"
घालूनियां कास करितो कैवाड "having tucked-up (ghālūnī kāsa) — I make (karitō) — kaivāḍa (= protection-stance / championship)"
वागों नेदीं आड किळकाळासी "let not (nēdīm) — vāgōm (= move / behave) — āḍa (in-the-way) — to kiḷa-kāḷa (= time-of-end)"
अबद्ध वांकडें जैशातैशा परी "abaddha (incoherent), vānkaḍēm (crooked), jaiśā-taiśā (= as-it-may-be)"
वाचे हरि हरि उच्चारावें "by the vācāHari Hari — must be uttered"
तुका म्हणे आम्हां सांपडलें निज "Tuka says — we have caught (sāmpaḍalēm) — the nija (= one's own / inmost-truth)"
सकळां हें बीज पुराणांचें "to all (sakaḷām) — this — is the bīja (seed) — of (the) Purāṇas"

What it means

Only-nāma-is-our-pramāṇa abhang. A direct-continuation of 1434's anti-anti-nāma polemic. The opening: āmhāmsī tōm nāhīm āṇīka pramāṇa — nāmāsī kāraṇa Viṭhōbācyāto us — there is no other (āṇīka)pramāṇa; — thenāmaalone is thekāraṇaof Viṭhobā. Pramāṇa is the technical term in Indian epistemology (six classical pramāṇas: pratyakṣa, anumāna, śabda, etc.); Tuka rejects them all — for us, only nāma is pramāṇa. (= the bhakti-pramāṇa-thesis: bhakti-experience overrides all other knowing; cf. Bhāgavata-Purāṇa's bhakti-pramāṇa alongside the standard six.)

The active stance: ghālūniyām kāsa karitō kaivāḍa — vāgōm nēdīm āḍa kiḷa-kāḷāsīhavingtucked-up(thekāsa= thefold-of-the-dhoti tied at the waist for vigorous action); — I makekaivāḍa(= protection-stance); — let nothing —vāgōm(move) —āḍa(in-the-way) — tokiḷa-kāḷa(= thekāla-of-end= death-time). The kāsa-tucked-up warrior-stance: I am ready, none-shall-block-me at death-time. (= bhakti-as-warrior-stance; cf. 1410's sāvadhāna-buddhī — alert-buddhi.)

The democratization: abaddha vānkaḍēm jaiśā-taiśā parī — vācē Hari Hari uccārāvēmincoherent, crooked, however-it-may-be — by thevācā,Hari Hari— must be uttered. Don't worry about quality of the recitation — just utter it howsoever. (Compare 1433's prakaṭa pasārā jēthēm tēthēm — open public expanse, anywhere; here howsoever-incoherent.)

The closing: sāmpaḍalēm nija — sakaḷām hēm bīja purāṇāñcēwe havecaughtthenija(= our own / our inmost-truth); —to all, this is the bīja(seed) — of thePurāṇas. Nāma is the seed-essence of all the Purāṇa-corpus. (Compare 1421's tatva-bīja-pā'ulēm — paths-traced-by-the-truth-seed; here nāma-as-seed-of-purāṇas.)

[T]

For someone today

For today: only nāma is our pramāṇa; tuck up and stand the kaivāḍa-stance — let nothing block you at the death-time; utter Hari-Hari howsoever incoherent; we have caught the nija — this is the seed of all the Purāṇas.

Where this applies

Related verses