संत साहित्य
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संत साहित्य · Tukārām · Abhanga 1480 of 4582

Abhanga 1480

A life devoted to God does not require formal robes or titles; what matters is inward fullness, contentment with whatever comes, and a mind kept steady.

When you feel pressure to look or dress a certain way to be seen as devoted or disciplined
When something unplanned comes into your life and you choose to receive it as enough rather than chase more
When you strip away outward performance and ask whether your inner life actually matches what you show others

The verse

आम्ही क्षेत्रींचे संन्यासी । देहभरित हृषीकेशी । नाहीं केली ऐशी । आशाकामबोहरी ॥१॥ आलें अयाचित अंगा । सहज तें आम्हां भागा । दाता पांडुरंगा । ऐसा करितां निश्चिंती ॥ध्रु.॥ दंड धरिला दंडायमान । मुळीं मुंडिलें मुंडण । बंदी बंद कौपीन । बहिरवास औठडें ॥२॥ काळें साधियेला काळ । मन करूनि निश्चळ । लौकिकीं विटाळ । धरूनि असों ऐकांत ॥३॥ कार्यकारणाची चाली । वाचावाचत्वें नेमिली । एका नेमें चाली । स्वरूपीं च राहाणें ॥४॥ नव्हे वेषधारी । तुका आहाच वरवरी । आहे तैसीं बरीं । खंडें निवडितों वेदांची ॥५॥

Literal translation

We are kṣētrīñcē samnyāsīs — body-filled with Hṛṣīkeśa — haven't done āśā-kāma-bōharī. What came unsought to body — naturally our bhāga — Pāṇḍuranga the dātā — being so, we make niścinti. Daṇḍa held, daṇḍāyamāna — muṇḍana at the root — bandī banda kaupīna — bahir-vāsa au-ṭhaḍē. By Time, Kāla conquered — mind made niścaḷa — laukika-viṭāḷa — staying in aikānta. The cālī of kārya-kāraṇa — by vācā-vācatva regulated — by one nēma the cālī — staying only in sva-rūpa. Tuka is not vēṣa-dhārī — not āhāca varavarī — as-it-is, correctly — I sort the khaṇḍas of the Vēdas.

मराठी: आम्ही — क्षेत्रींचे — संन्यासी; — देह-भरित — हृषीकेशी; — नाहीं — केली — ऐशी — आशा-काम-बोहरी. आलें — अयाचित — अंगा; — सहज — तें — आम्हां — भागा; — दाता — पांडुरंगा; — ऐसा — करितां — निश्चिंती. दंड — धरिला — दंडायमान; — मुळीं — मुंडिलें — मुंडण; — बंदी — बंद — कौपीन; — बहिर-वास — औठडें. काळें — साधियेला — काळ; — मन — करूनि — निश्चळ; — लौकिकीं — विटाळ; — धरूनि — असों — ऐकांत. कार्य-कारणाची — चाली; — वाचा-वाचत्वें — नेमिली; — एका — नेमें — चाली; — स्वरूपीं — च — राहाणें. नव्हे — वेष-धारी; — Tukā — आहाच — वरवरी; — आहे — तैसीं — बरीं; — खंडें — निवडितों — वेदांची.

Word-by-word gloss
Marathi Meaning
आम्ही क्षेत्रींचे संन्यासी "we are — of kṣētra (= region / village / sacred-place) — samnyāsīs"
देहभरित हृषीकेशी "body-filled (dēha-bharita) — with Hṛṣīkēśī (= the lord-of-the-senses, Hari)"
नाहीं केली ऐशी आशाकामबोहरी "have not done — such — āśā-kāma-bōharī (= the sweeping-out / formal-renunciation of desire-and-lust)"
आलें अयाचित अंगा "came — ayācita (unsought) — to (the) body"
सहज तें आम्हां भागा "naturally — to us — by bhāga (share)"
दाता पांडुरंगा "dātā (= giver) — Pāṇḍuranga"
ऐसा करितां निश्चिंती "being so (aisā) — we make — niścinti (carefree)"
दंड धरिला दंडायमान "daṇḍa (= staff) — has been held (dharilā) — daṇḍāyamāna (= standing-firm-disciplined)"
मुळीं मुंडिलें मुंडण "at the muḷa (= root) — muṇḍana (shaving) has been done"
बंदी बंद कौपीन "bandī (= bound) — banda (= bond) — kaupīna (= loincloth)"
बहिरवास औठडें "bahir-vāsa (= outer-garment) — au-ṭhaḍē (= sky-bare / without)"
काळें साधियेला काळ "by kāḷa (Time) — Kāla (= death/Time) — has been conquered (sādhiyēlā)"
मन करूनि निश्चळ "mana — having made — niścaḷa (unmoving)"
लौकिकीं विटाळ "in laukika (worldly affairs) — viṭāḷa (= avoidance)"
धरूनि असों ऐकांत "having held — we stay — aikānta (solitude)"
कार्यकारणाची चाली "the cālī (conduct) — of kārya-kāraṇa (effect-cause)"
वाचावाचत्वें नेमिली "by vācā-vācatvēm (= speech-and-its-suspension) — regulated"
एका नेमें चाली "by one nēma — the cālī"
स्वरूपीं च राहाणें "in sva-rūpa — alone — staying"
नव्हे वेषधारी "(Tuka) is not — vēṣa-dhārī (= costume-wearer)"
तुका आहाच वरवरी "Tuka — āhāca varavarī (= [is not] just-on-the-surface / outwardly)"
आहे तैसीं बरीं "as-it-is (āhē taisīm) — barīm (= correctly / well)"
खंडें निवडितों वेदांची "khaṇḍas (= sections / portions) — I sort (nivaḍitōm) — of (the) Vēdas"

What it means

We-are-kṣētrī-samnyāsīs self-portrait abhang. A 6-verse manifesto of internal-samnyāsa-vs-formal-samnyāsa. The opening claim: āmhī kṣētrīñcē samnyāsī — dēha-bharita Hṛṣīkēśī — nāhīm kēlī aiśī āśā-kāma-bōharīwe arekṣētrīñcē(= region-samnyāsīs, not formally-initiated); — body-filled withHṛṣīkēśī(Hari); — havenot doneāśā-kāma-bōharī(= the formal sweeping-out of desire-lust). Striking-claim: we are samnyāsīsof-our-region(= warkari-bhakta-style, not the formal Daśanāmi-samnyāsa); —body-filled with Hari— butwe did not do the formal renunciation. (= Tuka redefines samnyāsa asinternal-state, not formal-initiation.)

The carefree-stance: ālēm ayācita angā — sahaja tēm āmhām bhāgā — dātā Pāṇḍurangā — aisā karitām niścintiwhat comes —unsought— to (the) body; — naturally — our share; —Pāṇḍuranga the dātā; — we are carefree. Whatever comes unsought is our sharePāṇḍuranga is the giver; thus, niścinti (carefree). (Compare 1420's ālā-bhāgāsī-vēvasāva — same theme.)

The metaphorical-samnyāsi-paraphernalia: daṇḍa dharilā daṇḍāyamāna — muḷīm muṇḍilēm muṇḍaṇa — bandī banda kaupīna — bahir-vāsa au-ṭhaḍēdaṇḍa held standing firm; muṇḍana at the root (= mind-shaving, not head-shaving); bandī-banda-kaupīna (= the bond is the kaupīna); outer-garment is sky-bare (= we wear the sky as outer garment). Each formal-samnyāsa-paraphernalia is reinterpreted internally. (One of the most distinctive internal-samnyāsa portraits in the Gatha.)

The Time-conquest: kāḷē sādhiyēlā kāḷa — mana karūnī niścaḷa — laukikīm viṭāḷa — dharūnī asōm aikāntabyTime-itself,Kāla— conquered; — mind madeniścaḷa; —laukika-viṭāḷa(= worldly-avoidance); — holding — staying inaikānta(solitude). (= Time conquered by Time-itself / by abiding-in-time without resisting.)

The kārya-kāraṇa-regulation: kārya-kāraṇācī cālī — vācā-vācatvēm nēmilī — ēkā nēmēm cālī — sva-rūpīm chi rāhāṇēthe conduct of cause-effect — regulated by speech-and-its-suspension; — by one rule, the conduct — staying insva-rūpaalone. (= behavior is speech-and-silence-balanced; one rule = staying in sva-rūpa.)

The closing-claim: navhē vēṣa-dhārī — Tukā āhāca varavarī — āhē taisīm barīm — khaṇḍē nivaḍitōm VēdāñcīTuka is not —vēṣa-dhārī(costume-keeper); — notjust-on-the-surface; —as-it-is,correctly; —I sort the khaṇḍas (sections) of theVedas. I'm not in costume — what I show is what I am — I sort even the Veda's sections (= I'm not just performing renunciation; I'm in fact at the level where I evaluate Veda-content). The Tuka-as-Veda-sorter is a strong-self-claim about his own spiritual-authority.

[T]

For someone today

For today: we are samnyāsīs of our region — body-filled with Hari, not formally renounced; what comes unsought is our share; Pāṇḍuranga the giver, we make ourselves carefree; the daṇḍa, muṇḍana, kaupīna, sky-garment are all interior; Kāla conquered by abiding in Time; we stay in sva-rūpa alone; not costume-wearers but as-we-are.

Where this applies

Related verses