संत साहित्य
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संत साहित्य · Tukārām · Abhanga 1490 of 4582

Abhanga 1490

For today: no human really saves others — they often spoil the good and discard anyhow; gold was pure at home, spoiled by the goldsmith into ornaments; one-wheat is made into many forms; the grinder spoils fresh butter; trust the original-pure, not the processed-modifications.

When you'd see how human-mediation spoils the pure — no one saves others; the gold was pure at home, spoiled by goldsmith; one wheat, many shapes — the grinder spoils butter

The verse

आणिकांसी तारी ऐसा नाहीं कोणी । धड तें नासोनि भलता टाकी ॥१॥ सोनें शुद्ध होतें अविट तें घरीं । नासिलें सोनारीं अळंकारीं ॥ध्रु.॥ ओल शुद्ध काळी काळें जिरें बीज । कैंचें लागे निज हाता तेथें ॥२॥ एक गहू करिती अनेक प्रकार । सांजा दिवसीं क्षीर घुगरिया ॥३॥ तुका म्हणे विषा रुचि एका हातीं । पाधानी नासिती नवनीत ॥४॥

Literal translation

English: No one is such that he saves others — the dhaḍa, spoiling, anyhow discards. Gold was śuddha, aviṭa, at home — spoiled by sōnāra into aḷankāra. Ōla was śuddha, kāḷī; kāḷēm jirēm, the bīja — whence would nija touch hand there? One gahū — they make anēka prakāra — sāñjā, divaśī, kṣīra, ghugariyā. Tuka says: viṣa-and-ruci in one hand — the pādhānī spoils nava-nīta.

मराठी: आणिकांसी — तारी — ऐसा — नाहीं — कोणी; — धड — तें — नासोनि — भलता — टाकी. सोनें — शुद्ध — होतें — अविट — तें — घरीं; — नासिलें — सोनारीं — अळंकारीं. ओल — शुद्ध — काळी — काळें — जिरें — बीज; — कैंचें — लागे — निज — हाता — तेथें. एक — गहू — करिती — अनेक — प्रकार; — सांजा — दिवसीं — क्षीर — घुगरिया. Tukā म्हणे — विषा — रुचि — एका — हातीं; — पाधानी — नासिती — नवनीत.

Word-by-word gloss
Marathi Meaning
आणिकांसी तारी ऐसा नाहीं कोणी "(one who) saves others — like that — there is no one"
धड तें नासोनि भलता टाकी "the good (dhaḍa) — spoiling (nāsōnī) — anyhow (bhalatā) — discards (ṭākī)"
सोनें शुद्ध होतें अविट तें घरीं "gold — was śuddhaaviṭa (= unmixed / pure) — at home"
नासिलें सोनारीं अळंकारीं "spoiled — by the sōnāra (goldsmith) — into aḷankāras"
ओल शुद्ध काळी काळें जिरें बीज "ōla (= sugarcane / juice-stalk) — śuddha, kāḷī (= the cane); — kāḷēm jirēmbīja (seed)"
कैंचें लागे निज हाता तेथें "whence (kaimcēm) — would the nija (one's own / pure) — touch the handthere?"
एक गहू करिती अनेक प्रकार "one (variety of) wheat — they make — anēka prakāra (many forms)"
सांजा दिवसीं क्षीर घुगरिया "sāñjā (farina), divaśī (= dosa-pancake), kṣīra (rice-pudding), ghugariyā (sweet-fritter)"
तुका म्हणे विषा रुचि एका हातीं "Tuka says — poison and taste — in one hand (= single-handedly)"
पाधानी नासिती नवनीत "the pādhānī (= grinder / millstone-keeper) — spoilsnava-nīta (fresh-butter)"

What it means

No-one-saves-others-they-spoil-the-pure abhang. A subtle, image-rich warning about human-mediated-religion. The opening: āṇikāmsī tārī aisā nāhīm kōṇī — dhaḍa tēm nāsōnī bhalatā ṭākīone who saves others — like that, no-one; — the goodspoilinganyhow discards. No human is a real-savior; whoever takes-on-the-saving-role spoils the pure-thing and discards anyhow. (Compare 1428's true-guru-doesn't-take-disciple-service; here the sharper claim that human-mediation generally corrupts.)

The cluster of transformation-spoils-original images:

(1) Goldsmith-image: sōnēm śuddha hōtēm aviṭa tēm gharī — nāsilēm sōnārīm aḷankārīmgold was pure-and-unmixed at home — spoiled by the sōnāra (goldsmith) — into aḷankāras. The aḷankāra-making image: gold was already pure; the goldsmith's adding-of-decoration is a spoiling. (Striking — usually goldsmith enhances; here the work spoils. Implication: the original / pure-state is what matters, not the decorated-version. Compare 1474's bāpuḍēm-jñāna-bhakti-vīṇa — same anti-decoration-of-the-pure register.)

(2) Sugarcane-and-cumin: ōla śuddha kāḷī kāḷēm jirēm bīja — kaimcēm lāgē nija hāta tēthēmsugarcane was pure (= directly-edible-as-cane); cumin-seed (kāḷēm jirēm) is the seed; — whence would the nija (= the original / one's own) touch hand there? The cane-vs-seed contrast: cane is directly-eaten; cumin-seed is not-eaten-as-seed but ground / processed. Where can you touch the original-pure when the form is processed-seed?

(3) One-wheat-many-forms: ēka gahū karitī anēka prakāra — sāñjā divaśīm kṣīra ghugariyāone (kind of) wheat — they make — many prakāra: sāñjā (= farina-pudding), divaśī (= dosa), kṣīra (= rice-pudding), ghugariyā (= sweet-fritter). The modification-multiplication image: one-pure becomes many-shapes; — the original-grain is lost in the various preparations.

(4) Closing-grinder-image: viṣā ruci ēkā hātīm — pādhānī nāsitī nava-nītapoison and taste — in ēka hāta (= one hand, single-handed); — the pādhānī (= grinder / mill-keeper) — spoilsnava-nīta (fresh butter). One-hand has both poison and taste (= the same agent gives both rasa and ruin); the grinder spoils fresh butter (= further-processing destroys the pure-product).

[T]

For someone today

For today: no human really saves others — they often spoil the good and discard anyhow; gold was pure at home, spoiled by the goldsmith into ornaments; one-wheat is made into many forms; the grinder spoils fresh butter; trust the original-pure, not the processed-modifications.

Where this applies

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