संत साहित्य
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संत साहित्य · Tukārām · Abhanga 1559 of 4582

Abhanga 1559

For today: can paramārtha be obtained through samsāra-sanga, you knowing-ones? In a reed-grove, only chaff — what sweet would you find?; imagining comfort on a bedbug-bed is fool's talk; liquor strips even the loincloth — this was told to the merchant.

When you'd see why samsāra-sanga ruins paramārtha — only chaff in reed-cluster; bedbug-bed-comfort-imagination; liquor strips loincloth

The verse

संसारसंगें परमार्थ जोडे । ऐसें काय घडे जाणतेनो ॥१॥ हेंडग्याच्या आळां अवघीं चिपाडें । काय तेथें गोडें निवडावीं ॥ध्रु.॥ ढेकणाचे बाजे सुखाची कल्पना । मूर्खत्व वचना येऊं पाहे ॥२॥ तुका म्हणे मद्य सांडवी लंगोटी । सांगितला सेटीं विचार त्या ॥३॥

Literal translation

English: By samsāra-sanga, paramārtha is jōḍē? — what such ghaḍē, jāṇatīs? In hēṇḍagā's āḷā, all cipāḍa — what sweet there to select? On ḍhēkaṇa's bāja, kalpanā of sukha — mūrkhatva to vacana yē'ūm. Tuka says: madya strips langōṭī — told to sēṭī, that vicāra.

मराठी: संसार-संगें — परमार्थ — जोडे? — ऐसें — काय — घडे — जाणतेनो? हेंडग्याच्या — आळां — अवघीं — चिपाडें; — काय — तेथें — गोडें — निवडावीं? ढेकणाचे — बाजे — सुखाची — कल्पना; — मूर्खत्व — वचना — येऊं — पाहे. Tukā म्हणे — मद्य — सांडवी — लंगोटी; — सांगितला — सेटीं — विचार — त्या.

Word-by-word gloss
Marathi Meaning
संसारसंगें परमार्थ जोडे "by samsāra-sangaparamārtha — gets joined (jōḍē)"
ऐसें काय घडे जाणतेनो "like thatwhathappens, O jāṇatīs?"
हेंडग्याच्या आळां अवघीं चिपाडें "in (the) hēṇḍagā (= reed-cluster) — āḷā (grove); — allcipāḍa (chaff)"
काय तेथें गोडें निवडावीं "whattheresweet — could be selected?"
ढेकणाचे बाजे सुखाची कल्पना "ḍhēkaṇa (bedbug)'s — bāja (bed); — kalpanā — of sukha"
मूर्खत्व वचना येऊं पाहे "foolishness — to vacanacomes-and-goes (yē'ūm pāhē)"
तुका म्हणे मद्य सांडवी लंगोटी "Tuka says — madyastrips (sāṇḍavī) — langōṭī"
सांगितला सेटीं विचार त्या "told — to the sēṭīm (merchant) — that vicāra"

What it means

Samsāra-sanga-can't-yield-paramārtha abhang. The opening rhetorical-question: samsāra-sangēm paramārtha jōḍē — aisēm kāya ghaḍē jāṇatēnōby samsāra-sangaparamārtha — gets joined?; — whatlike thathappens, O jāṇatīs? Can paramārtha be obtained through samsāra-sanga? Knowing-ones, does this happen? (Implied: no*.)

The reed-grove image: hēṇḍagyācyā āḷām avaghīm cipāḍēm — kāya tēthē gōḍēm nivaḍāvīmin the hēṇḍagā (= cluster of cane / reeds) — groveallcipāḍa (= dry-cane-husk-fragments / chaff); — whatsweetthere — could be selected? In a chaff-grove, no sweet thing. (= samsāra is all-chaff; no paramārtha-sweetness can be sorted-out.)

The bedbug-bed image: ḍhēkaṇācē bājē sukhācī kalpanā — mūrkhatva vacanā yē'ūm pāhēon a bedbug-bedimagination of sukha; — foolishness — to the vacanacomes-and-goes. Imagining-comfort on a bedbug-bed is fool's talk. (Striking-image: samsāra-life-as-bedbug-infested-bed; expecting comfort there is foolish.)

The closing-image: madya sāṇḍavī langōṭī — sāngitalā sēṭīm vicāra tyāliquor — strips even the langōṭī (= last-piece-of-clothing); — told — to the sēṭīm (= merchant) — that vicāra. Liquor strips even your loincloth (= samsāra-attachment progressively-dispossesses you). Told this counsel to the sēṭī (= shopkeeper / wealthy-merchant) — i.e., to the worldly-prosperous person. (Striking image; alcoholism-as-samsāra-attachment-metaphor — first you lose dignity, then clothing, then everything.)

[T]

For someone today

For today: can paramārtha be obtained through samsāra-sanga, you knowing-ones? In a reed-grove, only chaff — what sweet would you find?; imagining comfort on a bedbug-bed is fool's talk; liquor strips even the loincloth — this was told to the merchant.

Where this applies

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