संत साहित्य
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संत साहित्य · Tukārām · Abhanga 2662 of 4582

Abhanga 2662

The closing verse of the self-cremation sequence makes two great recognitions:

The closing of the self-cremation vision sequence
All ritual-distinctions (savya/apasavya, father/son) submerged in non-distinction
The final namaskāra after the symbolic anta-karma

The verse

पिंडदान पिंडें ठेविलें करून । तिळी तिळवण मूळत्रयीं॥१॥ सारिले संकल्प एका चि वचनें । ब्रम्हीं ब्रम्हार्पण सेवटींच्या ॥ध्रु.॥ सव्य अपसव्य बुडालें हें कर्म । एका एक वर्म एकोविष्णु ॥२॥ पित्यापुत्रत्वाचें जालें अवसान । जनीं जनादऩन अभेदेंसी ॥३॥ आहे तैसी पूजा पावली सकळ । सहज तो काळ साधियेला ॥४॥ तुका म्हणे केला अवघियांचा उद्धार । आतां नमस्कार सेवटींचा ॥५॥

Literal translation

The piṇḍa-dāna (rice-ball offering) — the piṇḍa has been ṭhevilē-karūn (put-in-place, made-and-placed); tilī-tilavaṇa (sesame-with-water cleansing) in the mūḷa-trayī (three-roots = three generations of ancestors). All samkalpas (intentions, resolves) have been concluded in one utterance — Brahmīm brahmārpaṇa (in Brahman, the Brahman-offering) is the final-thing. Savya-apasavya (clockwise and counter-clockwise rituals) have been submerged in this — ēkā ēka varma — ēko-Viṣṇu (one and only secret, one Viṣṇu). The pitā-putratva (father-son-ness) has come to an end — in jana (all-people) is Janārdana with non-distinction. All pūjā has arrived as-it-is; that sahaja (natural) time has been sādhiyalā (mastered). Tukā says: I have done the uddhāra (uplifting, salvation) of everyone — now the last namaskāra.

What it means

The closing abhang of the 4-verse self-cremation sequence (2659-2662). This verse completes the inner-funeral with its formal closing-rites — piṇḍa-dāna, tilāñjali to three generations, brahmārpaṇa, and the closing namaskāra.

Piṇḍa-dāna piṇḍē ṭhevilēm karūn — tiḷī-tilavaṇa mūḷa-trayīthe piṇḍa-dāna has been made — sesame-with-water cleansing to the three-roots (three generations of ancestors). In Hindu post-funeral observance, piṇḍa-dāna (rice-balls offered to ancestors) and tilāñjali (water-with-sesame) are essential. The bhakta has done these — but the mūḷa-trayī (three-roots) here is significant: the ritual is closing-out the lineage-debt all the way back.

The dhrūpada compresses the final-stroke: sārilē samkalpa ēkā chi vachanē — Brahmīm brahmārpaṇa sēvaṭīñchyaall samkalpas were concluded in one utterance — brahmārpaṇa in Brahman is the last. The brahmārpaṇa (offering-to-Brahman) is the final-mantra spoken at any sacred-act — brahmārpaṇam astulet this be offered-to-Brahman. Here, brahmārpaṇa in Brahman itself — the offering and the recipient are the same.

The second verse: savya apasavya buḍālē hē karma — ēkā ēka varma — ēko-Viṣṇuboth savya (clockwise) and apasavya (counter-clockwise) rituals have been submerged in this — one and only secret, one Viṣṇu. In ritual, savya (clockwise) is used for auspicious rites and apasavya (counter-clockwise) for funerary-rites. Both have been buḍālē (drowned, submerged) in this one rite. The varma (secret-technique) is ēko-ViṣṇuViṣṇu alone is one.

The third verse: pitā-putratvāchē jālē avasāna — janī janārdana abhēdēmsīfather-son-ness has come to its end; in jana (all-people) is Janārdana with non-distinction. In the standard funeral, the chief-mourner (typically a son) performs piṇḍa-dāna for the father (or for predecessors). Here, pitā-putratva (the father-son-relationship that grounds the funeral-rite) has avasāna — has come to its end. The replacement-recognition: jana = Janārdana without bhēda. (This is one of the most celebrated Vārkarī ethical-mystical lines.)

The fourth verse: āhē taisī pūjā pāvalī sakaḷa — sahaja tō kāḷa sādhiyalāall pūjā has arrived as-it-is; that natural-time has been mastered. Āhē taisīas it is, without adjustment. Sahaja (natural) time has been mastered.

The close: kelā avaghiyāñcā uddhāra — ātām namaskāra sēvaṭīñcāI have done the uplifting of everyone — now the last namaskāra. The bhakta has done his anta-karma so completely that his uplifting includes avaghiyāñcāall. And now the sēvaṭīñcā (last-final) namaskāra. The closing salutation.

For someone today

The closing verse of the self-cremation sequence makes two great recognitions:

  1. Father-son-ness ends; jana is Janārdanapitā-putratvāchē jālē avasāna — janī janārdana abhēdēmsī. The relational-structure that grounds the funeral (father-son lineage-debt) has come to its end, and the replacement is non-distinction-of-jana-and-Janārdana. All-people are the Lord-of-people, without distinction. This is one of the most far-reaching Vārkarī ethical-claims, with implications for caste, lineage, and creature-ethics.

  2. I have uplifted everyone — now the last namaskārakelā avaghiyāñcā uddhāra — ātām namaskāra sēvaṭīñcā. The bhakta's self-cremation has not been a private-event; it has been the uddhāra (uplifting) of avaghiyāñcā (everyone). The implication: the genuine bhakta's transformation is communal-effective, not individual-only.

The closing namaskāra-sēvaṭīñcā (last-namaskāra) is the close of the four-abhang sequence — a single bow at the conclusion.

Where this applies

Related verses