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संत साहित्य · Tukārām · Abhanga 2776 of 4582

Abhanga 2776

Lāmba lāmba jaṭā kāya vāḍhavūnī — long-long matted-locks (jaṭā), having grown — for what?; pāvaḍē ghēūnī krōdhē chāle — taking pāvaḍē (wooden-sandals, ascetic-footwear) and krōdhē (in anger) walking.

The canonical anti-tapasvi-display warning
Recognizing the long-hair-but-anger-and-intoxication pattern as false-tapas
Distinguishing form-of-renunciation from substance-of-renunciation

The verse

लांब लांब जटा काय वाढवूनि । पावडें घेऊनि क्रोधें चाले ॥१॥ खायाचा वोळसा शिव्या दे जनाला । ऐशा तापशाला बोध कैंचा ॥ध्रु.॥ सेवी भांग अफू तमाखू उदंड । परि तो अखंड भ्रांतीमाजी ॥२॥ तुका म्हणे ऐसा सर्वस्वें बुडाला । त्यासी अंतरला पांडुरंग ॥३॥

Literal translation

Lāmba lāmba jaṭā kāya vāḍhavūnīlong-long matted-locks (jaṭā), having grown — for what?; pāvaḍē ghēūnī krōdhē chāletaking pāvaḍē (wooden-sandals, ascetic-footwear) and krōdhē (in anger) walking. Khāyācā vōḷasā śivyā dē janālāhungry mouth-search (vōḷasā = the eating-rush); gives curses (śivyā) to people; aiśā tāpaśālā bōdha kaiñcāwhat bōdha (teaching) for such a tāpaśa (ascetic)? Sēvī bhānga afū tamākhū udaṇḍa(he) consumes bhānga (cannabis-drink), afū (opium), tamākhū (tobacco) — udaṇḍa (in great quantity); parī tō akhaṇḍa bhrāntī-mājīyet he is akhaṇḍa (continuously) in bhrānti (delusion). Tukā says: aiśā sarvasvē buḍālāsuch (a one) has totally (in sarvasva) drowned; tyāsī antaralā PāṇḍurangaPāṇḍuranga is antaralā (distant, separated) from him.

What it means

A sharp anti-tapasvi-display polemic verse. Lāmba lāmba jaṭā kāya vāḍhavūnī — pāvaḍē ghēūnī krōdhē chālelong-long matted-locks grown for what? — walking in anger with sandals. The opening attacks the ascetic-form: long-jaṭā (matted-hair of the renouncer) + pāvaḍē (wooden-sandals) + walking-in-anger. The form of the ascetic, but with krodha (anger) as the walking-state.

The dhrūpada: khāyāñcā vōḷasā śivyā dē janālā — aiśā tāpaśālā bōdha kaiñcāhungry mouth-rushing — gives curses to people; to such a tāpaśa, what bōdha? Two-fold attack: hungry-mouth (looking for food) + cursing-people. Tāpaśa (the tapas-performer) — to such a one, what teaching can be given? He is beyond reach of bōdha.

The second verse extends: sēvī bhānga afū tamākhū udaṇḍa — parī tō akhaṇḍa bhrāntī-mājīconsumes bhang, opium, tobacco in great quantity — yet is continuously in delusion. The intoxicant-list is specific: bhānga (cannabis-drink), afū (opium), tamākhū (tobacco). The mock-claim: despite all these substances, the tāpaśa is in akhaṇḍa bhrāntiunbroken delusion. The intoxicants don't even produce real-elevation; just delusion.

The close: aiśā sarvasvē buḍālā — tyāsī antaralā Pāṇḍurangasuch a one has totally drowned — Pāṇḍuranga is distant from him. Sarvasvē buḍālādrowned in everything-belonging-to-him (totally). Pāṇḍuranga antaralāPāṇḍuranga is distant. The verdict is severe.

This is one of Tukārām's sharpest anti-display polemics. Compare 2761's dambha-shop, false jñāna-dhyāna, 2729's jñāna-fort-not-reached-by-swaggering. Tukārām is consistent on this theme.

For someone today

A sharp warning about false-tapasvi-display. Long matted-locks grown for what? Walking in anger with sandals; hungry-mouth cursing people; consuming bhang, opium, tobacco in great quantity yet continuously in delusion. Such a one has totally drowned — Pāṇḍuranga is distant from him. The diagnostic-markers: form-of-renouncer + anger + cursing + intoxicants + continuous-delusion. Each marker matters. The bhakti-form requires substance — not just-the-look-of-renunciation.

Where this applies

Related verses