संत साहित्य
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संत साहित्य · Tukārām · Abhanga 2882 of 4582

Abhanga 2882

Mūngī hōunī sākara khāvī — becoming an ant, eat the sugar; nija-vastūñcī bhēṭī ghyāvī — take the meeting of the nija-vastu (true-essence).

THE canonical become-ant-eat-sugar humility text
Anti-fake-hari-dāsa-gosāvī polemic
Recognizing be-small-receive-nija-vastu discipline

The verse

मुंगी होउनि साकर खावी । निजवस्तूची भेटी घ्यावी॥१॥ वाळवंटी साकर पडे । गज येउनि काय रडे ॥ध्रु.॥ जाला हरिदास गोसांवी । अवघी मायिक क्रिया दावी ॥२॥ पाठ पाठांतरिक विद्या । जनरंजवणी संध्या ॥३॥ प्रेम नसतां अंगा आणी । दृढ भाव नाहीं मनीं ॥४॥ ब्रम्हज्ञान वाचे बोले । करणी पाहातां न निवती डोळे ॥५॥ मिथ्या भगल वाढविती । आपुली आपण पूजा घेती ॥६॥ तुका म्हणे धाकुटें व्हावें । निजवस्तूसी मागुनि घ्यावें ॥७॥

Literal translation

Mūngī hōunī sākara khāvībecoming an ant, eat the sugar; nija-vastūñcī bhēṭī ghyāvītake the meeting of the nija-vastu (true-essence). Vāḷavaṇṭī sākara paḍe(when the) sugar falls on the vāḷavaṇṭī (sand/sand-mixed); gaja yeunī kāya raḍethe gaja (elephant) coming, what does (he) cry-about? Jālā Hari-dāsa gosāmvī(he) became a Hari-dāsa-gosāmvī (Hari-servant-renunciate); avaghī māyika kriyā dāvī(he) shows (off) all māyika-kriyā (illusory-actions). Pāṭha pāṭhāntarika vidyāpaṭha (recitation) and pāṭhāntara (by-heart-memorization) vidyā; jana-rañjavaṇī sandhyāsandhyā (twilight-prayer) for jana-rañjavaṇī (entertaining-people). Prema nasatām angā āṇīprema being absent, (yet he) brings (it) onto (his) body; drḍha bhāva nāhī manīno firm bhāva is in (his) mind. Brahma-jñāna vāche bōleBrahma-jñāna — (he) speaks with (his) mouth; karaṇī pāhātām na nivatī ḍōḷelooking at (his) karaṇī (doings) — the eyes don't nivatī (rest, find-peace). Mithyā bhagala vāḍhavitī(he) grows mithyā bhagala (false-pomp, false-display); āpulī āpaṇa pūjā ghētī(he) takes his own pūjā (worship) himself. Tukā says: dhākuṭē hvāvebe dhākuṭā (small, little); nija-vastūsī māgunī ghyāvereceive the nija-vastu by māgunī (asking, requesting-humbly).

What it means

THE canonical 7-verse become-ant-eat-sugar humility text. The most-famous mūngī-vs-gaja (ant-vs-elephant) image in the Tukārām corpus, framing a polemic against fake-Hari-dāsa-gosāvīs.

Verse 1 (the image): Mūngī hōunī sākara khāvī — nija-vastūñcī bhēṭī ghyāvībecome an ant, eat the sugar — take the meeting of the nija-vastu. The famous-instruction: be small-like-an-ant; then you can eat-the-sugar (= attain the nija-vastu). The image-logic: only the small can eat-the-sugar; the big-cannot.

Dhrūpada (counter-image): Vāḷavaṇṭī sākara paḍe — gaja yeunī kāya raḍewhen the sugar falls on sand — the elephant coming, what does he cry? The counter-image: if the sugar falls on sand-grit and gets mixed-with-grit, an elephant cannot eat-it (because his mouth is too big for fine-separation); only an ant can. Hence: the ant can eat what the elephant cannot. (Practically: the small-bhakta can taste the nija-vastu that the proud-paṇḍita cannot.)

Verses 2-6 (anti-fake-hari-dāsa polemic): Tukārām describes the fake-Hari-dāsa-gosāvī. He: - jālā Hari-dāsa gosāmvī — became a Hari-dāsa-gosāvī (claims the status) - avaghī māyika kriyā dāvī — shows all illusory-actions - paṭha-pāṭhāntara vidyā; jana-rañjavaṇī sandhyā — recitation-vidyā; sandhyā-prayers for entertainment - prema nasatām angā āṇī; drḍha bhāva nāhī manī — prema absent but acted-out; no firm bhāva in mind - Brahma-jñāna vāche bōle; karaṇī pāhātām na nivatī ḍōḷe — speaks Brahma-jñāna; but looking-at-his-actions, eyes can't rest - mithyā bhagala vāḍhavitī; āpulī āpaṇa pūjā ghētī — grows false-pomp; takes his own pūjā himself

The portrait of the fake-Hari-dāsa is precise — pairs with 2844-2847 (anti-fake-renunciate cluster).

Verse 7 (close): Tukā mhaṇe dhākuṭē hvāve — nija-vastūsī māgunī ghyāveTukā: be dhākuṭā (small) — receive the nija-vastu by humbly-asking. Two operative-words: dhākuṭā (small, child-like) and māgunī ghyāve (receive-by-asking, beg-and-take). The opposite of the fake-Hari-dāsa who grows-pomp-and-takes-own-pūjā.

For someone today

THE canonical become-ant-eat-sugar humility text. Becoming an ant, eat the sugar — take the meeting of the nija-vastu. (When) sugar falls on sand, what does the elephant coming, cry-about? Became a Hari-dāsa-gosāvī — shows all illusory-actions. Paṭha-pāṭhāntara vidyā; sandhyā for entertaining-people. Prema absent but brought-onto-body; no firm bhāva in mind. Brahma-jñāna spoken with mouth; looking at his doings, eyes can't rest. Grows false-pomp; takes his own pūjā. Be small (dhākuṭā) — and receive the nija-vastu by humbly-asking.

The verse provides both the positive-discipline (be-small-like-an-ant) AND the negative-portrait (the fake-Hari-dāsa). The diagnostic-test: is one growing-pomp-and-taking-own-pūjā? — fake. Is one becoming-small-and-asking-humbly? — genuine. The ant-eats-the-sugar-that-the-elephant-cannot image is foundational for Vārkarī humility-doctrine.

Where this applies

Related verses