संत साहित्य
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संत साहित्य · Tukārām · Abhanga 1781 of 4582

Abhanga 1781

When even your closest companions and the world around you cannot truly protect you from life's hardest realities, that very failure can push you to place your whole trust in the divine alone.

When you feel worn out by the constant struggle of daily life and long for real release.
When you realize the people closest to you cannot actually shield you from loss or death.
When you finally let go of every other hope and rest your trust in something greater than yourself.

The verse

सिणलों दातारा करितां वेरझारा । आतां सोडवीं संसारापासोनियां ॥१॥ न सुटे चि बाकी नव्हे झाडापाडा । घातलोंसें खोडा हाडांचिया ॥ध्रु.॥ मायबापें माझीं जीवाचीं सांगाती । तीं देतील हातीं काळाचिया ॥२॥ पडताळूनि सुरी बैसली सेजारीं । यमफासा करीं घेऊनिया ॥३॥ पाठी पोटीं एकें लागलीं सरसीं । नेती नरकापाशीं ओढूनियां ॥४॥ जन साहेभूत असे या सकळां । मी एक निराळा परदेशी ॥५॥ कोणा काकुलती नाहीं कोणे परी । तुजविण हरी कृपाळुवा ॥६॥ तुका म्हणे मज तुझाची भरवसा । म्हणऊनि आशा मोकलिली ॥७॥

Literal translation

I am tired, dātārā, making the to-and-fro — now release me from samsāra. The balance is not cleared — no settlement — I have been put in bone-stocks. Mother-and-father, my companions of the jīva — they will hand me into kāḷa's hands. The knife, checking-and-pressing, has sat down next to me — Yama-phāsa in his hand. From back-and-front, others are stuck close-in-row, dragging me toward naraka. The world witnesses all this — I am one separate, the paradēśī. No pity from anyone in any way — except you, Hari, kṛpāḷuvā. Tuka says: for me, only your trust — therefore I have released (other) hopes.

Word-by-word gloss
Marathi Meaning
सिणलों दातारा करितां वेरझारा "I am tired, dātārāmakingthe to-and-fro (vēra-jhārā)"
आतां सोडवीं संसारापासोनियां "nowrelease mefrom samsāra"
न सुटे चि बाकी नव्हे झाडापाडा "the balance is not clearedno settlement"
घातलोंसें खोडा हाडांचिया "I have been putin stocksof bones"
मायबापें माझीं जीवाचीं सांगाती "mother-and-fathermycompanions of the jīva"
तीं देतील हातीं काळाचिया "they will hand me overinto the handsof kāḷa (death)"
पडताळूनि सुरी बैसली सेजारीं "the knife (surī)checking-and-pressinghas sat downnext to me"
यमफासा करीं घेऊनिया "Yama-phāsa (the noose-of-Yama) — taking in (his) hand"
पाठी पोटीं एकें लागलीं सरसीं "from-back-and-from-belly(others) are stuckin-row"
नेती नरकापाशीं ओढूनियां "they take metoward narakadragging"
जन साहेभूत असे या सकळां "the worldis the witness-beingfor all of these"
मी एक निराळा परदेशी "I am oneseparatethe paradēśī (foreign-stranger)"
कोणा काकुलती नाहीं कोणे परी "to anyoneno pityin any way"
तुजविण हरी कृपाळुवा "except youHarikṛpāḷu (compassionate)"
तुका म्हणे मज तुझाची भरवसा "Tuka says — for meonly yourtrust"
म्हणऊनि आशा मोकलिली "thereforeI have released(other) hopes"

What it means

I-am-the-paradēśī-only-Hari abhang. A fierce-bleak meditation on the radical-loneliness of the bhakta-in-samsāra.

The opening: siṇalōm dātārā karitām vēra-jhārā — ātām sōḍavīm samsārā-pāsōniyāmI am tired, dātāra, with the to-and-fro — release me now from samsāra. Vēra-jhārā = the back-and-forth-shuttling (= the rebirth-cycle's repeated-trips).

The bone-stocks image: na suṭē chi bākī navhē jhāḍā-pāḍā — ghātalōm-sē khōḍā hāḍāñciyāthe balance is not cleared, no settlement — I have been put in bone-stocks. Bākī = balance / debt-balance; jhāḍā-pāḍā = the clearing / final-settlement; khōḍā = the stocks / wooden-restraints (the medieval-prison-device); hāḍāñciyā = of bones. I am-locked in bone-stocks (= the skeleton-body) until-the-karma-balance clears.

The mother-father betrayal: māya-bāpēm mājhīm jīvācīm sāngātī — tīm dētīla hātīm kāḷācīyāmother-father, my companions of the jīva — they will hand me into kāḷa's hands. Even the closest-companions (parents) ultimately deliver-the-jīva to death.

The knife and Yama-phāsa: paḍatāḷūni surī baisalī sējārīm — Yamaphāsa karīm ghē'ūniyāthe knife checking-and-pressing has sat down next — Yama-phāsa in his hand. Surī = the slaughter-knife (= the death-cutter); paḍatāḷūni = checking, weighing; Yama-phāsa = the noose-of-Yama. Death sits-next-to-the-bhakta-with-the-tools-of-trade.

The dragging-to-naraka: pāṭhīm pōṭīm ēkēm lāgalīm sarasīm — nētī narakāpāśīm ōḍhūniyāmfrom-back-and-from-belly, others stuck close-in-row, drag me toward naraka. Pāṭhīm pōṭīm = back-and-front (= all sides); sarasīm = closely-strung-together. The companions-and-relations all-drag toward naraka. (= worldly-relations are not safe-companions.)

The paradēśī-line: jana sāhē-bhūta asē yā sakaḷām — mī ēka nirāḷā paradēśīthe world witnesses all of this — I am one separate, the paradēśī. Sāhē-bhūta = witness-being; paradēśī = foreigner, alien-traveler. The bhakta is a foreigner-in-the-worldthe world only witnesses; it doesn't shelter. (Strikingly-modern existential-loneliness.)

The closing: kōṇā kākulatī nāhīm kōṇē parī — tujavīṇa Hari kṛpāḷuvā + Tukā mhaṇē maja tujhā chi bharavasā — āśā mōkalilīno pity from anyone except you, Hari kṛpāḷuvā; Tuka says — only your trust — I have released (other) hopes. Bharavasā = trust, surety; āśā mōkalilī = I have released (other) hopes. Only-Hari-is-trustworthy; all-other-hopes have-been-released.

This abhang is one of the bleakest portraits of samsāra in the gatha, paired with one of the most-explicit declarations of paradēśī-bhakta-identity. The bhakta is a foreigner-in-his-own-world; only-Hari is the homeland.

[T]

For someone today

For today: I am tired, dātāra, doing the back-and-forth — now release me from samsāra; the balance isn't cleared, no settlement — I'm locked in bone-stocks; mother-father, my companions, will hand me to death; the knife sits next, Yama-phāsa in hand; front and back, others drag me toward naraka; the world only witnesses — I am the foreign-stranger; no pity from anyone except you, Hari kṛpāḷuvā; Tuka says — only your trust — I have released other hopes.

Where this applies

Related verses