संत साहित्य
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संत साहित्य · Tukārām · Abhanga 1828 of 4582

Abhanga 1828

For today: Veda-Śruti don't know you — the twenty-four (tattvas) fall short while searching; now forgive me, deva — with familiarity I have spoken to Kēśava; we, by bhāva, made you small — placing names and calling you; there, what is my deha-buddhi? — great is my anyāya, Tuka says.

When you'd apologize for familiar-naming of the cosmic-Lord — Veda-nēṇatī-cōvīsa-ṭhēngaṇī; salagī-Kēśavā-kṣamā; bhāvē-lahāna-nāmē-pācāritōm; thōra-anyāyī

The verse

वेदश्रुति तुज नेणती कोणी । चोवीस ठेंगणीं धांडोळितां॥१॥ आतां मज क्षमा करावें देवा । सलगी ते केशवा बोलियेलों ॥ध्रु.॥ तो आम्ही भावें केलासी लहान । ठेवूनियां नांवें पाचारितों ॥२॥ तेथें माझी देहबुद्धि तें काईं । थोर मी अन्यायी तुका म्हणे ॥३॥

Literal translation

English: Veda-Śruti don't know you — anyone — the twenty-four (tattvas) fall short while searching. Now forgive me, deva — with familiarity I have spoken to Kēśava. We have, by bhāva, made you small — placing names and calling you. There, what is my deha-buddhi? — great is my anyāya, Tuka says.

Word-by-word gloss
Marathi Meaning
वेदश्रुति तुज नेणती कोणी "Veda-Śrutidon't know youanyone"
चोवीस ठेंगणीं धांडोळितां "the twenty-four (24 tattvas) — fall shortwhile searching"
आतां मज क्षमा करावें देवा "nowforgive me, deva"
सलगी ते केशवा बोलियेलों "with familiarity (salagī) — KēśavaI have spoken"
तो आम्ही भावें केलासी लहान "youweby bhāvamade small"
ठेवूनियां नांवें पाचारितों "placing names(we) call"
तेथें माझी देहबुद्धि तें काईं "theremy deha-buddhiwhat is it"
थोर मी अन्यायी तुका म्हणे "greatmy anyāya — Tuka says"

What it means

Apology-for-familiarity + Veda-doesn't-know-you abhang.

The opening: vēda-śruti tuja nēṇatī kōṇī — cōvīsa ṭhēngaṇīm dhāṇḍōḷitāmVeda-Śruti don't know you — the twenty-four fall short while searching. Cōvīsa = the 24 tattvas of Sāmkhya (= prakṛti, mahat, ahamkāra, manas, 5 jñānendriyas, 5 karmendriyas, 5 tanmātras, 5 mahābhūtas — the 24 categories that-build-up-the-cosmos); ṭhēngaṇīm = fall-short / are inadequate; dhāṇḍōḷitām = while searching. Even Veda-Śruti and the entire 24-tattva-system fall-short of knowing you.

The apology: ātām maja kṣamā karāvē dēvā — salagī tē Kēśavā bōliyēlōmnow forgive me, deva — with familiarity I have spoken to Kēśava. Salagī = familiarity, intimate-acquaintance (= the over-familiar-tone of the bhakta calling-the-Lord-by-name). Forgive me for the familiarity-of-tone.

The bhāva-line: tō āmhī bhāvē kēlāsī lahāna — ṭhē'ūniyām nāmē pācāritōmwe made you small by bhāva — placing names, calling you. The bhakta's-bhāva makes-the-cosmic-Lord into-a-small-personal-Lord; we-place-names on-the-unnameable. (= the bhāva-of-bhakti reduces-the-cosmic-to-the-personal, which is itself a bold-act.)

The closing: tēthē mājhī deha-buddhī tē kāīm — thōra mī anyāyī Tukā mhaṇēthere, what is my deha-buddhi? — great is my anyāya, Tuka says. Anyāya = injustice, wrong-act. In-the-face-of the cosmic-Lord, what-is-my-deha-buddhi (= my body-based-cognition)? — great is my anyāya in even-naming-you.

The implicit-message: the bhakta acknowledges the gap between the cosmic-unknowable-Lord and the personal-named-Lord he calls-with-familiarity; he apologizes for the gap, but-the-bhāva justifies it. The Vārkarī's bridging-of-cosmic-and-personal.

[T]

For someone today

For today: Veda-Śruti don't know you — the twenty-four (tattvas) fall short while searching; now forgive me, deva — with familiarity I have spoken to Kēśava; we, by bhāva, made you small — placing names and calling you; there, what is my deha-buddhi? — great is my anyāya, Tuka says.

Where this applies

Related verses