संत साहित्य
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संत साहित्य · Tukārām · Abhanga 267 of 4582

Abhanga 267

This abhang gives three honest images of viraha-state:

When separation-longing is the bhakta's-state — and you have to recognize the three viraha-images
When the daughter looks-back as she leaves for in-laws names your state — and you accept the bittersweetness
When fish-out-of-water names the deepest separation — and you have to honor this register

The verse

कन्या सासुर्‍यासि जाये । मागें परतोनी पाहे ॥१॥ तैसें जालें माझ्या जिवा । केव्हां भेटसी केशवा ॥ध्रु.॥ चुकलिया माये । बाळ हुरू हुरू पाहे ॥२॥ जीवना वेगळी मासोळी । तुका म्हणे तळमळी ॥३॥

Literal translation

English: The daughter goes to the in-laws — looks back. Such has become my jīva — when, Keshava, will you meet me? (When the child has) missed the mother — the child sobs and looks (around). The fish separated from water — Tuka says — flounders.

मराठी: कन्या सासुर्‍यासि जाये — मागें परतोनी पाहे. तैसें जालें माझ्या जिवा — केव्हां भेटसी केशवा. चुकलिया माये — बाळ हुरू हुरू पाहे. जीवना वेगळी मासोळी — तुकाराम म्हणतात — तळमळी.

Word-by-word gloss
Marathi Meaning
कन्या सासुर्‍यासि जाये "the kanyā (daughter) goes to the sāsuryā (in-laws)"
मागें परतोनी पाहे "looks back (towards her natal home)"
तैसें जालें माझ्या जिवा "such has become my jīva"
केव्हां भेटसी केशवा "when will you meet (me), Keshava?"
चुकलिया माये "(when the child has) missed / lost the māye (mother)"
बाळ हुरू हुरू पाहे "the bāḷa (child) huru-huru (sob-sob, wail-wail) looks (around)"
जीवना वेगळी मासोळी "the māsōḷī (fish) separated from jīvana (water / life-giving-water)"
तुका म्हणे तळमळी "Tuka says: flounders / writhes"

What it means

A viraha-bhāva abhang — three concrete-images of separation-longing:

  1. कन्या सासुर्‍यासि जाये — मागें परतोनी पाहेthe daughter goes to the in-laws — looks back. The Marathi cultural-image of the daughter leaving for her in-laws' house (a one-way departure in the traditional context). She looks backtoward her natal homewith longing. The gait-forward + glance-back is the bittersweet-departure image. Tukaram's jīva is like the daughter's: moving forward in life-and-time, but glancing-back-with-longing for the deity.

  2. केव्हां भेटसी केशवाwhen will you meet (me), Keshava? The direct-question to the deity. Keshava — Krishna's epithet (one with beautiful long hair; or one who killed Keshī). The question is honest, vulnerable: when?

  3. चुकलिया माये — बाळ हुरू हुरू पाहे(when the child has) missed the mother — the child sobs and looks. The child-lost-from-mother image. Hurū-hurūthe sobbing-shudder of small breathsthe body-grief of the lost child. The child looks around (pāhē) — searching, scanning, hoping-for-the-mother.

  4. जीवना वेगळी मासोळी — तळमळीthe fish separated from water — flounders. The deepest-image. Jīvana in Marathi means both water and life; the fish out of water has lost both water and life. The fish flounders (taḷamaḷīwrithes, struggles, gasps) — the body-distress of the fish-without-water is the bhakta's state without the deity.

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For someone today

This abhang gives three honest images of viraha-state:

  1. Daughter-leaves-and-looks-back. This is bittersweet: the daughter must go forward (to the in-laws / to the new-life), but the natal-home is what she longs-for. Apply: when life takes you forward and the deity is in the natal-direction, the forward-with-glance-back posture is the honest one. Don't pretend the longing is gone; don't refuse to go forward. Both — forward + glance-back.

  2. Direct-question is honest. Kevhām bheṭasī Keshavā? When will you meet (me)? Ask the deity the direct-question. Don't hide the longing; don't spiritualize it into not-asking.

  3. Child-lost-from-mother sob-and-look. When you have lost the deity-presence, the honest-response is sobbing-and-looking. Don't suppress the sob; don't stop looking. Both are the body-form of viraha.

  4. Fish-out-of-water is the deepest. When the deity is your jīvana (water-and-life), the absence is fish-out-of-water. Honor this. Don't moderate the writhing into something more dignified; the taḷamaḷī (flounder-writhe) is the truthful body-form.

For today: when in viraha-state, hold these three images — they will honor your state without forcing you to moderate-into-something-prettier. The daughter-looking-back, the child-sobbing, the fish-floundering are the truthful shapes of separation.

This is also important for understanding others: when someone in your life is in a viraha-state (loss, separation, longing), recognize these are the truthful body-forms; don't ask them to be more dignified. The fish flounders; that is the body-truth.

मराठी: ही ओवी viraha-state ची तीन honest images देते:

  1. मुलगी सासरी जाते आणि मागे पाहते. Bittersweet: मुलीला पुढे जायचंय (सासर / नवीन-जीवन), पण माहेर ओढ-घेणारं. लागू करा: जीवन तुम्हाला पुढे नेतंय आणि देव माहेरच्या-दिशेतforward + glance-back posture honest. ओढ गेली असं pretend करू नका; पुढे जायला refuse करू नका. दोन्ही — forward + glance-back.

  2. Direct-question honest. केव्हां भेटसी केशवा? देवाला direct-question विचारा. ओढ लपवू नका; not-asking मध्ये spiritualize करू नका.

  3. मातेपासून हरवलेलं बाळ sob-and-look. तुम्ही देव-presence गमवलीhonest-response sobbing-and-looking. Sob suppress करू नका; looking थांबवू नका. दोन्ही viraha चं body-form.

  4. पाणी-शिवाय मासे deepest. देव तुमचं jīvana (पाणी-आणि-जीव)absence fish-out-of-water. हे honor करा. Writhing dignified-something मध्ये moderate करू नका; तळमळ truthful body-form.

आज: viraha-state मध्ये असाल — तीन images hold करा — ती तुमची state honor करतीलprettier-something मध्ये moderate करायला न लावता. मुलगी-मागे-पाहत, बाळ-sob, मासे-तळमळीseparation च्या truthful shapes.

इतरांना समजायला पण महत्त्वाचं: तुमच्या आयुष्यात कोणी viraha-state मध्ये आहे (loss, separation, longing) — recognize करा truthful body-forms; अधिक dignified व्हायला विचारू नका. मासे तळमळतात; ते body-truth.

Where this applies

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